Izinhlobo ezingama-20 ezihlukene zesimo sokumba nesixazululo 2

11.Iziphi izinkinga okufanele sizinake lapho sibhoboza ama-soft strata aphezulu?

(1) Lapho ubhoboza ngaphansi kokwakheka okuphezulu, i-drill bit kufanele ikhishwe, i-Taper Taps kufanele ishintshwe, futhi ipayipi lokubhoboza kufanele lixhunywe emgodini.

(2) Gcina uketshezi oluningi nokusebenza kwesihlabathi sokumba uketshezi;

(3) Ukubhoboza, ukudlula ngokuyinhloko, kungadwetshwa ngendlela efanele;

(4) Ukumba amandla akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele;

12. Yisiphi isizathu sokungavuli iphampu ngemva kokubhoboza? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Izizathu yilezi:

(1) kukhona ukungcola ethuluzini lokumba noma izinto eziwela ethuluzini lokumba livimba umgodi wokubhoboza;

(2) isivinini sokubhoboza siyashesha kakhulu, ukumba uketshezi olusikiwe lungene ethuluzini lokubhola, noma ngenxa yokuwa kodonga lomthombo, iqolo elibucayi, ukusikwa ethuluzini lokumba, kuvimbe imbobo yamanzi yokubhoboza;

(3) Ikhekhe lodaka odongeni liwugqinsi, kunenqwaba yemfucumfucu yamadwala enamathele, futhi i-drill bit igxiliwe emgodini wamanzi lapho kubhobozwa;

(4) ukubanda kwamapayipi aphansi noma amathuluzi okubhola ebusika;

(5) Isihlungi sokubhoboza sivinjwe ukungcola;

(6) ikhekhe lodaka odongeni liwugqinsi noma udonga luyabhidlika, i-annulus ayibushelelezi, futhi uketshezi lokumba alukwazi ukubuyela phezulu;

(7) Ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, kukhona ukucindezela okunzima noma amakholomu amaningi angabuyisi uketshezi lokumba, futhi i-drill bit igxiliwe ku-cuttings, okuholela ekuvulekeni kwepompo;

Ukwelashwa: Uma ipompo ingavulwa, kuyadingeka ukuqeda izici zomhlabathi kuqala, bese ubhekana nokuvinjelwa kwe-downhole. Uma umgodi wokubhoboza uvinjiwe, ithuluzi lokubhoboza linganyakaziswa kakhulu futhi imbobo yamanzi ingavulwa kusetshenziswa ingcindezi ejabulile. Uma i-annulus ivinjiwe, ithuluzi lokubhoboza kufanele lihanjiswe phezulu naphansi ukuze kudonswe i-annulus, bese kuthi iphampu ivulwe kancane ngokugudluzwa okuncane. Uma i-annulus ingasebenzi, i-drill kufanele iqalwe ukuvula iphampu futhi engxenyeni yomthombo ovulekile, bese ubhoboza phansi. Uma kutholakala ukuthi ukubunjwa kuyavuza, ukubhoboza kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha, futhi ipompo akufanele ivulwe phakathi ukuvimbela ukubunjwa ekuweni futhi kubangele ukunamathela.

13.Yini isizathu sokwanda kwengcindezi yokumpompa ekubholeni? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Izizathu yilezi: ukubhidlika komthombo, ithuluzi lokumba imbobo yokuvinjwa kwamanzi, inani elikhulu lemfucumfucu yamadwala enqwabelene emigodini emincane, izinguquko zokusebenza koketshezi lokumba, impandla ye-scraper bit noma i-blade off, ukuminyana koketshezi lokumba akufani.

Indlela yokwelapha: Uma ukudilika komthombo kufanele kube uketshezi olukhulu lokumba olujikelezayo, ukubhola okuphindaphindiwe, ukwenza ibhulokhi elahlekile, ukubhoboza ukucindezela okulula ukuze ubuyisele okuvamile. Uma ukunqwabelana kwamapayipi okubhoboza kufanele kuqedwe ngokujikisa noma ukuhambisa ipayipi lokubhoboza liye phezulu naphansi. Uma ukucindezela kwepompo kuqhubeka nokukhuphuka, umshini wokupompa ungamiswa, futhi ukuqoqwa kuzophulwa bese ipompo iphuma. Uma ukusebenza koketshezi lokumba konakala, ukubhola kufanele kumiswe. Uma ukuminyana kungafani, engeza i-barite ezingxenyeni noma ujikeleze iphampu eyodwa bese uxuba iphampu eyodwa ngokucindezela okuphansi ukuze wenze okufanayo.

14.Yini isizathu sokwehla kwengcindezi yokumpompa ekubholeni? Ungahlola kanjani? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Ukwehla komfutho wephampu kubangela, amanzi epompo awalungile, ukuvuza kwepayipi noma isango, ukubhobozwa kwethuluzi lokumba kubangele ukujikeleza kwesifunda esifushane, ukubhobozwa kwembobo yembobo noma ukuvala umlomo wombhobho, ithuluzi lokubhoboza eliphukile, ukuvuza, ibhamuza lokumba uketshezi lwegesi nokunye.

Indlela yokuhlola: Okokuqala hlola umhlabathi, isimo sokusebenza sepompo, ipayipi. Ukuthi isango libhobokile noma lijikeleza kancane, ukuthi igeji yokucindezela inembile, bese ucabangela ukuthi ithuluzi lokubhoboza imbobo ephansi libhobokile noma liphukile, noma ngabe umlomo ubhobokile noma uwile, nokuthi kukhona ukuvuza.

Indlela yokwelapha: Ukulungiswa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kufanele kuhlelwe ngenxa yezizathu eziphansi, kanye nokubhoboza ukwelashwa koketshezi. Ngemuva kokuthi ithuluzi lokubhoboza noma i-nozzle ibhoboziwe, qala ukubhoboza ngokushesha, hlola ithuluzi lokubhoboza ngokuningiliziwe, ungasebenzisi i-turntable shackle ngesikhathi sokumba, ungabhuleki kanzima ukuvimbela ithuluzi lokubhoboza ukuthi lingakhubeki futhi liphule. Uma kwenzeka ukulahleka, uketshezi lokumba kufanele lukhishwe ngokuqhubekayo ngokushesha.

15.Ukubhoboza umthwalo we-rotary plate, susa i-rotary plate clutch phansi kwemoto kungani? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Izizathu:

(1) ukuwohloka kokwakhiwa kwemfucumfucu (okufana nokubhoboza amaphutha, imifantu, indawo yokuphuka, njll.);

(2) I-Dry drill noma iphakethe lodaka;

(3) i-bit cone ibambekile noma ucezu lwe-scraper;

(4) izinto eziwa emgodini;

(5) Umjikelezo wesifunda esifushane, ukusikwa akukwazi ukuphuma;

(6) Umzila womthombo oqondisayo awulungile, ukuthambekela komthombo kukhulu, ukufuduka kukhulu, nomlenze wenja unzima;

Indlela yokwelapha: Okokuqala thola ukuthi i-drill bit ijwayelekile yini, uma ukubhola okomile, ukuphakamisa ithuluzi lokubhoboza ngokuphindaphindiwe liphakanyiswe, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokujika okukhanyayo ukuze ugwebe i-drill bit, uma umjikelezo wesifunda esifushane kufanele uqale ngokushesha ukubhola ukuhlola ukubhola. ithuluzi. Ngokwesibikezelo sokwakheka, idatha yemithombo eseduze, nezisikwa ezibuyisiwe, indawo kanye nezinga lokuwa komthombo kuyahlaziywa, futhi kuthathwa izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuze kuqedwe futhi kuvinjwe ukumba okubambekile. Uma inkinga ye-trajectory yomthombo ixazululwa, ithuluzi lokumba lingenziwa lula futhi i-torque ingancishiswa.

16. Yisiphi isizathu sokugxuma okutholakala ekubhobolweni? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Ukweqa ukubhoboza kwenzeka lapho kubholwa i-cone bit, izizathu ziyizi:

(1) Ukumba kuhlangane nongqimba lwamatshe oluthambile oluqinile, uhlaka lwe-limestone olungalingani;

(2) ukubhidlika komthombo noma izinto eziwa phansi;

(3) I-torque eyeqisayo lapho usebenzisa umshini wokubhoboza amazinyo amakhulu;

Indlela yokwelapha: Lungisa imingcele ukuze ungabandakanyi ukweqa kokubhoboza, futhi wenze isinqumo esibanzi ngokuya nge-lithology yokwakheka, uma ukwelashwa kungasebenzi, kufanele kucatshangelwe into ephansi, ukubhoboza ukuhlola ukuguga kwebhithi, kufanele kuthathe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo, inqubo ukuvimbela ukubhoboza wanamathela.

17. Iyini imbangela ye-bit bouncing? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

(1) Ibhithi le-scraper lihlangana nendawo ethambile futhi eqinile yokwakheka;

(2) isisindo esincane se-scraper sikhulu kakhulu noma ukubhoboza;

(3) ukumba ungqimba lwetshe noma umhume we-limestone;

(4) Amabhlogo okwakhiwa noma izinto eziwayo emthonjeni;

(5) udaka lwe-cone bit noma isigaxa esibhajwe;

(6) Beka i-cone noma i-scraper blade;

(7) Ububanzi bebhithi ye-scraper buncane kunobubanzi be-stabilizer ngemva kokugaya;

Ukwelashwa: Uma imbangela yokwakheka ingalungiswa ukuze kuqedwe isisindo ngejubane elincane, uma kungasebenzi, kungase kubangelwe into encane noma ewayo, kufanele kube ukuhlola kokubhoboza ukuze kutholwe isinyathelo esilandelayo.

18, ukubhoboza ochungechungeni lokudlulisela oluphukile kufanele kube indlela yokubhekana nayo?

(1) Okokuqala, umjikelezo kufanele ugcinwe;

(2)Lapho umthombo ungashoni, sebenzisa izisebenzi ukuvula i-kelly noma usebenzise i-gas hoist ukudonsa iketango elijikayo ukuze uhambise umshini wokubhola;

(3)Uma umthombo ujulile, ingxenye noma sonke isisindo sethuluzi lokubhoboza siyacindezelwa, okuholela ekugotshweni kwethuluzi lokubhoboza futhi kunciphise amathuba okunamathela;

(4) Hlela ngokushesha abasebenzi ukuthi babambe iketango, bese bephakamisa ithuluzi lokubhoboza ukuze bahlole izingxenye ezijwayelekile ngemuva kokuphinda baqale ukubhoboza;

19. Yisiphi isizathu esenza ipayipi libhajwe ngepayipi le-kelly lapho kubholwa? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Isizathu siwukuthi i-swivel bearing inezinkinga (okubi, ukuntuleka kwebhotela, njll.) i-flushing tube disc iqine kakhulu, i-kelly igobile futhi i-turntable iqinile, intambo yokulwa ne-faucet ayiboshiwe ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo. , nehhuku elikhulu alikhiyiwe. Ngemva kokuba ipayipi ligoqwe i-kelly, i-kelly ingadonswa ngokuphakamisa ama-pliers, futhi umpompi noma i-kelly ingakhishwa uma ibambene kakhulu; Uma ipayipi elishaywayo liqine kakhulu futhi liboshwe kancane epayipini le-kelly, intambo yentambo ingasetshenziselwa ukulungisa umpompi futhi ijike kancane isikhathi esithile.

20. Siyini isizathu sokwehla kwesisindo esilengayo somunwe ophakathi? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Isizathu siwukuthi igeji yesisindo imbi noma ipayipi lokubhoboza liphukile.

Indlela yokwelapha: qala ngokuphakamisa ipayipi lokubhoboza ukuze uhlole inzwa yegeji yesisindo, ukuthi ipayipi lokudlulisa ingcindezi kanye netafula noma ilunga lingamafutha avuzayo, noma izingxenye zonakele, bese ulinganisa kabusha igeji yesisindo. Uma itafula lesisindo liqinile, qala ngokushesha ukubhoboza ukuze uhlole ithuluzi lokubhoboza, futhi unqume indlela yokwelapha ngokuvumelana nesimo.