Yiziphi izimbangela zokugqwala kwengcindezi ephezulu emishinini ye-petroleum?

1. Ama-Polysulfides ku-petroleum abangela ukugqwala kwemishini ye-petroleum enengcindezi ephezulu

Iningi le-petroleum ezweni lakithi liqukethe ama-polysulfide amaningi. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhipha uwoyela, imishini ye-petroleum kanye nemishini kugqwala kalula yi-polysulfide ku-petroleum lapho ihlangana ne-petroleum, bese ikhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-polysulfide endaweni enengcindezi ephezulu yemishini kaphethiloli. Ama-Polysulfides, ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuphezulu kwengcindezi yemishini kaphethiloli, lawa ma-polysulfide azoletha izinto eziningi zokungaqini kahle emishinini ye-petroleum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho izinto eziwumshini zichayeka emoyeni isikhathi eside, isikhutha nomswakama osemoyeni kuzosabela nezingxenye ezigqwalile zemishini ewumshini, ekugcineni kuholele ekugqwaleni okubi kakhulu kwayo yonke imishini nemishini kaphethiloli.

2. I-sulfide ku-petroleum ibangela ukugqwala kwemishini kaphethiloli enengcindezi ephezulu

Lesi simo sokugqwala sibangelwa ikakhulukazi ukungcola emikhiqizweni kaphethiloli. Ingxenye eyinhloko yalokhu kungcola i-sulfide. I-Sulfide ingasabela ngokwamakhemikhali ngomswakama ku-petroleum, okuholela ekukhiqizweni kwenani elikhulu le-hydrogen sulfide ku-petroleum. IHydrogen sulfide iyehla futhi ine-asidi, idala ukugqwala okukhulu emishinini nasezinsizeni ze-petroleum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunenani elikhulu lokungcola kwamakhemikhali ku-petroleum, okubuye kubangele ukugqwala kwemishini ye-petroleum nemishini ngezinga elikhulu.

3. I-chloride ku-petroleum idala ukugqwala kwemishini kaphethiloli enengcindezi ephezulu

Ngokocwaningo, i-petroleum eningi manje iqukethe inani elikhulu lamanzi anosawoti. Uma amanzi anosawoti edlula i-hydrolysis yamakhemikhali, azoguqulwa abe yi-hydrochloric acid. Emishinini ye-petroleum, i-hydrochloric acid ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile eziholela ekulimaleni kwemishini nemishini kaphethiloli. Emishinini ye-petroleum kanye nemishini, Banga izimo zokugqwala ezimbi kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwemishini ye-petroleum nemishini.