Inkinga nokwelashwa kwesikhwama sodaka sokubhoboza

Izimbangela ze-PDC bit balling

1. Izici ze-Geological: i-stratum okufanele ibhojwe wudaka oluthambile olungeyona i-diagenetic engxenyeni engenhla, okulula kakhulu ukunamathela ebusweni be-drill bit futhi ibangele i-bit balling ngemva kokuhlanganiswa; nakuba i-shale yodaka ku-stratum i-diagenetic, kulula ukucwiliswa kwamanzi futhi ihlakazeke, okwenza i-wellbore Okuqukethwe kodaka noma isigaba esiqinile odakeni kwanda kakhulu, okukhangiswa ebusweni be-drill bit ukuze kubangele udaka lodaka; noma ukwakheka kuqukethe i-gypsum ehlakazekile, ebangela ukungcoliswa kodaka, futhi isigaba esiqinile esiyingozi odakeni okunzima ukusisusa, okwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba i-drill bit ifakwe esikhwameni sodaka ;Ukwakheka kunokungena okuphezulu. Ngaphansi kwesenzo somehluko wengcindezi, imunca isigaba esiqinile esiyingozi emgodini kanye nokusikwa okungenziwanga ngesikhathi, kwakha ikhekhe lodaka eliwugqinsi, elinqwabelana ngaphansi kwebhithi le-PDC lapho likhubeka ukuze lenze isikhwama esincane.

3.Izici zobuchwepheshe bobunjiniyela: ukufuduka ngesikhathi sokumba kuncane, indawo ephansi yomthombo kanye ne-drill bit ayikwazi ukuhlanzwa ngokuphumelelayo, futhi isivinini sokubuyela phezulu akwanele, futhi ukusikwa kuhlala emthonjeni isikhathi eside, ukunamathela udonga lomthombo ukwakha ikhekhe lodaka eliwugqinsi, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nendawo eziphezulu. Ibi kakhulu uma ijubane liphezulu; ekubunjweni kwetshe lodaka elithambile, ukucindezela kokumba kukhulu kakhulu, ukubunjwa noma ukumba ama-cuttings kwenza ukuthintana okuqondile nendawo yokubhoboza, okubangela ukuqhuma okuncane;

4.Izici zokukhetha i-Drill bit: ukwakheka kwembobo yamanzi akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhishwa kwe-chip; i-angle yokususa i-chip yesiteshi sokugeleza ivimbela ukusika ukuthi kungashiyi phansi komthombo kahle.

5. Izici zezinga lokusebenza: isivinini sokubhoboza sishesha kakhulu, i-drill bit ayisheleli phansi ku-spiral track, kodwa ngokuqhubekayo ikhuhla ikhekhe lodaka noma ukusikwa odongeni lomthombo, okungabangela kalula isikhwama esincane; Akukhona ukuxhuma i-kelly ukuze ushaye i-drill bit isiyingi, kodwa ukucindezela phansi noma ukubhoboza phansi, futhi ikhekhe lodaka noma ama-cuttings akhishwe odongeni lomthombo azopakisha i-drill bit; indlela yokusebenza ayilungile uma ubhoboza ukuya phansi. , Ngemva kokuqala iphampu, kuzophinde kubangele i-drill bit esikhwameni; lapho ubhoboza ngezindlela ezithambile, i-drill izohanjiswa ngokungalingani.

Ukuphatha isikhwama sodaka esincane se-PDC 

1. Umgomo wokuqala wokubhekana nezinsimbi zokubhoboza uthi: ungajahi ukubhoboza, ngoba uma ugcwele kakhulu kuba ngcono;

2. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuvimbela noma ukwelashwa kwebhola lodaka, akunakugwenywa ukulungisa ukusebenza kodaka. Uma kukhona noma yisiphi isibonakaliso samabhola odaka ku-drill bit, ukubhoboza kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha futhi i-ejenti yokuhlanza kufanele ifakwe emthonjeni ukuhlanza i-drill bit ngesikhathi sokuqala;

3. Misa ukubhoboza, wandise ukugudluka ukuze uthuthukise umphumela wokuguquguquka kwe-hydraulic, phakamisa ucezu lokubhoboza ukuze ushiye phansi komthombo, ukhuphule isivinini sokujikeleza futhi ukhuphule amandla aphakathi nendawo ukuze wenze ibhulokhi yodaka iphonseke kalula, futhi uye phezulu. futhi wehlise inani elikhulu lezikhathi, bese ucindezela phansi kuze kube phansi komthombo ngaphandle kokuguqula i-turntable Cycle imizuzu engu-5-10, bese uphinda inqubo engenhla; uma ingavumelekile phakathi kwemijikelezo emi-2, kufanele ucabange ukuyikhipha endaweni yokuprakthiza.

Isixazululo siwukuthi: lawula ukungezwa kobumba olumhlophe oluhlakazeke kabi kanye netiyela lomjunipha lapho uguqula futhi welapha udaka, qala imishini yokulawula eqinile kusenesikhathi ukuze ukhiphe izinhlayiya ezincane eziqinile eziyingozi odakeni ngesikhathi sokumba, bese ubuyisela i-PDC bit phakathi nendawo yokumba. Ukujikeleza kokugudluzwa kususa udaka olunamathela ebhithi lokubhoboza ngenkathi kubhola ngesikhathi. Ngemuva kokufinyelela phansi, qala ujikeleze indawo enkulu yokufuduka imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokumba. Ukubamba lezi zixhumanisi eziyisihluthulelo kungavimba ngempumelelo i-PDC bit ukuthi ingangeni. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ochwepheshe kufanele baqonde kahle ukuthi ukucindezela kwepompo ye-standpipe kwenziwa ukucindezela kokujikeleza kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi ye-nozzle. Uma nje ukwehla komfutho we-nozzle kungu-zero, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingaki izimbobo zamanzi ezifakiwe, ukucindezela okumile ngeke kuthinteke. Ngakho-ke, ngokukhipha iso, hhayi kuphela ukucindezela okuqondile akukwazi ukushintshwa, kodwa futhi i-PDC drill bit ngokuvamile ibangelwa kalula esikhwameni.

2. Hlola futhi ubambe imithetho yokulawula ye-directional well trajectory kubhulokhi ngayinye ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, thuthukisa isakhiwo sethuluzi lokumba, futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwe-PDC okubangelwa ukulungisa i-azimuth kanye nokuchezuka komthombo phakathi nendawo. Uma kudingekile ukusebenzisa i-compound drilling engxenyeni yomthombo ophansi ngokushayelwa kahle , Ukusebenzisa izingcezu ze-PDC eziphezulu ezinokumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kungathuthukisa umphumela wokusetshenziswa wamabhithi e-PDC futhi kwandise isivinini sokumba.