Izinhlobo ezingu-20 ezahlukene zesimo sokubhoboza kanye nesisombululo 1

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, sivame ukubhekana nezimo ezahlukahlukene, njengokwehluleka kwemishini, ukuphepha kokusebenza, ukushoda kwezinto zokwakha, njll.

Kodwa uma sibhekene nezimo eziphuthumayo, ngisho nemililo, ukuvuza, njll., kufanele sizithathe kanjani izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa? Ake sihlaziye izizathu bese sixoxa ngendlela yokubhekana nazo ngendlela efanele.

1. Kungani kudingeka “ukumisa ipompo sekwephuzile bese uqala ipompo kusenesikhathi” lapho ubhoboza ngokushesha ukuze uxhume impande eyodwa?

Ngoba uma ubhoboza ngokushesha, isivinini sokubhoboza siyashesha futhi kunezinqumo eziningi. Ukuze kunqotshwe ikhono lokumiswa elibi loketshezi lokubhoboza futhi kuvinjelwe uketshezi lokubhoboza ukuthi lungami isikhathi eside lapho kuhlanganiswa impande eyodwa, kuyadingeka "ukumisa ipompo sekwephuzile bese uqala ipompo kusenesikhathi" ukuze kufinyezwe isikhathi sokuma koketshezi lokubhoboza ngangokunokwenzeka.

2. Ungahlulela kanjani ngokufanele ukuthi i-roller bit inamathele?

Ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, uma i-torque ikhuphuka (njengokwanda komthwalo etafuleni elijikelezayo, ukugxumagxuma njalo kwenduku yokubhoboza eyisikwele, uchungechunge oluqinile nolukhululekile lwetafula elijikelezayo, umsindo ophezulu nophansi wenjini kadizili, itafula elijikelezayo liyahlehla ngemva kokususwa kwetafula elijikelezayo, njll.), ikhoni ye-drill bit ingase inamathele, kuhlanganiswe nesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwekhoni kanye nezimo zokwakheka. I-drill kufanele ijikelezwe ngokushesha.

3. Yiziphi izingozi zokubhoboza ngesivinini esikhulu?

① Kulula ukulayisha ngokweqile umshini wokubhoboza;

② Uma kunezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphansi komhlaba, kulula ukukhipha i-drill bit (i-drill inamathele);

③ Ijubane lokubhoboza lishesha kakhulu, futhi uma ukukhishwa komoya kwehluleka, kuzobangela imoto ephezulu;

④ Kulula ukukhiqiza umfutho omkhulu wokupompa, okuholela ekuchichimeni, ekuchithekeni komthombo, noma ekubhidlikeni kokwakheka kwawo, okwenza imbobo yomthombo evamile ibe yinkimbinkimbi;

4. Yiziphi izingozi zokubhoboza ngokushesha okukhulu?

① Kulula ukubangela ukuguguleka okungavamile kwebhande lebhuleki, isigubhu sebhuleki kanye nentambo enkulu;

② Uma nje ihlangabezana nokuphikiswa ngokuzumayo, kulula ukubangela izingozi ezifana nokuphula i-drill bit, ukuvimba i-drill bit noma ukuvimba i-drill;

③ Njengoba ikhiqiza umfutho omkhulu wokuvusa, kulula ukubangela ukuvuza kwemithombo nokuwa kwemithombo;

④ Kubangela ukuthi i-drill bit ishayisane nodonga lomthombo futhi kulimaze amazinyo nama-bearings, kunciphisa isikhathi senkonzo ye-drill bit;

⑤ Kulula ukuthi inani elikhulu lama-rock chips lingene ku-drill bit lisuka emgodini wamanzi we-drill bit, okulula ukuthi kubangele ukuthi i-pump drill bit ivaleke;

5. Ungabhekana kanjani nokwehluleka kwamabhuleki lapho wehlisa i-drill bit?

Okokuqala, i-clutch yesivinini esiphansi kufanele iboshelwe ukuze kwehliswe isivinini sokushelela. Abasebenzi be-wellhead kufanele basheshise ukushelela noma babophe ikhadi lokuphakamisa, futhi bonke abasebenzi kufanele basheshe baphume e-wellhead.

6. Iyini imbangela yokusonteka kwentambo enkulu ngesikhathi sokubhoboza? Ungabhekana kanjani nakho?

Izizathu yilezi:

(1) Intambo entsha yocingo ayikakhululwa;

(2) I-drill bit ijikeleza kakhulu ngesikhathi sokubhoboza;

(3) Iphini elikhulu le-hook alivulwa;

Indlela yokuphatha:

(1) Khulula ikhanda lentambo ephilayo yentambo enkulu ukuze ukhulule ukujijeka kwentambo yentambo;

(2) Lawula isivinini sokubhoboza ukuze unciphise ukujikeleza kwe-drill bit;

(3) Uma iphini elikhulu le-hook lingavulwa, i-drill bit ingaxhunywa ne-slip, bese uzama ukujika inqola yokuhamba ukuze uvule iphini le-brake bese ukhulula ukujija;

7. Kungani udinga ukuvula iphini elikhulu le-hook uma ubhoboza?

Inhloso eyinhloko yokuvula iphini elikhulu le-hook lapho kubholwa ukuvimbela intambo yensimbi ukuthi ingasonteki lapho kugqokwa futhi kukhunyulwa i-drill bit. Kusiza ekujikelezeni kwe-drill bit uma kukhona i-stabilizer emthonjeni, futhi kulula ukusebenza kwepulatifomu yesitezi sesibili kanye ne-wellhead.

8. Kungani udinga ukujikeleza uketshezi lokubhoboza ngezinye izikhathi ngesikhathi sokubhoboza?

① Isikhathi esingaguquki esingaphansi komhlaba side noma uketshezi lokubhoboza lujikeleziswa ngesizathu esithile ngaphambi kokubhoboza ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusebenza koketshezi lokubhoboza ukuthi luwohloke noma isihlabathi esiningi kakhulu ukuthi singazinzi, okubangela ubunzima ekuqaliseni ipompo;

② Ukwakheka komhlabathi kungase kubhidlike;

③ Ukusebenza koketshezi lokubhoboza kuyawohloka ngenxa yokucwiliswa emanzini anosawoti kanye nokungena kwe-gypsum;

④ Kukhona ukuvuza okuncane emgodini;

⑤ Isimo esingaphansi komhlaba siyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuvame ukuba nzima ukuqala iphampu;

⑥ Ingxenye yembobo evulekile yinde, umthombo ujulile noma kukhona ungqimba lwamafutha negesi olunomfutho ophezulu;

Ukuze kuvinjelwe isimo esingenhla ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu, uketshezi lokubhoboza kumele lujikeleziswe phakathi.

9. Iyini imbangela yokumelana lapho kubholwa? Ungakuvimbela futhi ubhekane kanjani nakho?

Izizathu zokuphazamiseka yilezi:

① Ukukhipha i-piston noma ukungagcwalisi kahle uketshezi lokubhoboza kubangela ukuthi umthombo ubhidlike;

② Ukusebenza koketshezi lokubhoboza akukuhle, okuholela ekhekheni lodaka olukhulu kanye nembobo encane yomthombo;

③ Ububanzi be-drill bit bugugile kakhulu, futhi i-drill bit entsha ibangela ukuvinjelwa;

④ Ngaphambi kokukhipha uketshezi lokubhoboza, izingcezu azizange zikhishwe ngokuphelele emhlabathini ukuze kujikelezwe kahle uketshezi lokubhoboza;

⑤ Isakhiwo samathuluzi okubhoboza siyashintsha;

⑥ Umgodi womthombo awujwayelekile, unezibhuloho zesihlabathi noma izinto eziwayo;

⑦ Ngemva kokuba umthombo oqondisiwe ubholiwe nge-power drill;

Izindlela zokuvimbela nokwelapha:

Ngaphambi kokukhipha uketshezi lokubhoboza, luphathe kahle bese ulujikelezisa ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi ukhipha uketshezi lokubhoboza, lugcwalise kahle ngokwemigomo. Uma kukhona into ebambekile, kufanele lulungiswe kabusha. Ngaphambi kokubhoboza, hlola uhlobo lwebhithi lokubhoboza ngokuningiliziwe. Uma kukhona ushintsho esakhiweni samathuluzi okubhoboza, qaphela ukuvimbela ukuvinjelwa ngesikhathi sokubhoboza. Uma kukhona into edonsa i-piston ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, ungaludonsi kanzima. Uma kukhona into ebambekile ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, ungacindezeli kanzima. Kufanele lulungiswe kabusha.

10. Lapho uhlola phansi ukwakheka okungaphansi kwe-Dongying Formation futhi uhlangabezana nokuvinjelwa, yini okufanele inakwe lapho ulungisa kabusha?

(1) Landela ngokuqinile isimiso esithi “ukugeleza okukodwa, ukuvula okubili, kanye nokujikijela okuthathu”, futhi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukucindezela nokwehlisa ngenkathi ujikeleza ukuze uvimbele ukujikijela kabusha imisele emisha;

(2) Nakisisa izinguquko ekucindezelweni kwephampu ukuze uvimbele ukuvaleka kwephampu, bese uqala iphampu ngokuyihambisa kancane bese uyikhulisa kancane kancane;

(3) Phatha kahle uketshezi lokubhoboza, bese wandisa ukuhamba komthombo ukuze ugeze ngemva kokuba ukujikeleza kwegazi sekujwayelekile;

(4) Phindaphinda ingxenye yomthombo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokuphindaphindiwe kuze kube yilapho ingaphazanyiswa;