Izimbangela nezixazululo zokunamathela kokubhoboza

Ukunamathela, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukunamathela kwengcindezi ehlukile, kuyingozi evame kakhulu yokunamathela enkambisweni yokubhoboza, okubangela ukwehluleka okungaphezu kuka-60% kokunamathela.

Izizathu zokunamathela:

(1) Intambo yokubhoboza inesikhathi eside esingashintshi emthonjeni;

(2) Umehluko wokucindezela emthonjeni mkhulu;

(3) Ukusebenza kabi koketshezi lokubhoboza kanye nekhwalithi ephansi yekhekhe lodaka kubangela ukungqubuzana okukhulu;

(4) Ikhwalithi embi yemigodi.

Izici zokubhoboza okunamathelayo:

(1) Ukunamathela kusesimweni esingaguquki sentambo yokubhoboza kungenzeka, njengoba isikhathi esingaguquki sizokwenzeka sibambekile, kuhlobene eduze nohlelo loketshezi lokubhoboza, ukusebenza, isakhiwo sokubhoboza, ikhwalithi yembobo, kodwa kumele kube nenqubo engaguquki.

(2) Ngemva kokunamathisela i-drill, indawo yokunamathela ngeke ibe yi-drill bit, kodwa i-drill collar noma ipayipi lokubhoboza.

(3) Ngaphambi nangemva kokunamathela, ukujikeleza koketshezi lokubhoboza kuyinto evamile, ukugeleza kokungenisa nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kuyalingana, futhi ingcindezi yephampu ayishintshi.

(4) Ngemva kokunamathela ku-drill ebambekile, uma umsebenzi ungafikanga ngesikhathi, indawo ebambekile ingase ikhuphuke, noma iqonde ngqo eduze kwesicathulo se-casing.

Ukuvimbela ukunamathela:

Izidingo ezijwayelekile, isikhathi sokuma kwentambo yokubhoboza akufanele sidlule imizuzu emi-3. Ibanga le-drill ngayinye alingaphansi kwama-2m, kanti ukujikeleza akungaphansi kwemijikelezo eyi-10. Ngemva komsebenzi kufanele kubuyiselwe esisindweni sokuqala sokumiswa.

Uma i-drill bit ingaphansi komgodi futhi ingakwazi ukuhamba nokuzungeza, kuyadingeka ukucindezela u-1/2-2/3 wesisindo esimisiwe sethuluzi lokubhoboza ku-drill bit ukuze ugobe i-drill string engezansi, unciphise indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwe-drill string kanye ne-dag cake yodonga, futhi unciphise ukunamathela okuphelele.

Ngesikhathi sokubhoboza okuvamile, njengokwehluleka kompompi noma ipayipi, ipayipi le-kelly akumele libekwe esiqongweni somthombo ukuze lilungiswe. Uma ukubhoboza kubambeka, kuzolahlekelwa ithuba lokucindezela phansi nokujikeleza intambo yokubhoboza.

Ukwelashwa kokubhoboza okunamathelayo:

(1) Umsebenzi onamandla

Ukunamathela kuba nzima kakhulu ngokwelulwa kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, esigabeni sokuqala sokutholwa kwenduku, amandla aphezulu kufanele enziwe ngaphakathi komthwalo ophephile wemishini (ikakhulukazi uhlelo lwe-derrick kanye nokumiswa) kanye nentambo yokubhoboza. Ayidluli umkhawulo womthwalo ophephile wesixhumanisi esibuthakathaka, futhi isisindo sentambo yokubhoboza yonke singacindezelwa ekucindezelweni okuphansi, futhi ukujikeleza okufanele nakho kungenziwa, kodwa ayikwazi ukudlula inani elilinganiselwe lokujika kwe-torsion kwepayipi lokubhoboza.

(2) Vula ikhadi

Uma intambo yokubhoboza inebhodlela ngenkathi ibhoboza, kufanele iqale ngokushesha isando esiphezulu phezulu noma iqale isando esingezansi phansi ukuze ixazulule ikhadi, eligxile kakhulu kunamandla alula okukhuphuka nokuwa phansi.

(3) Cwilisa i-ejenti yokukhulula

I-ejenti yokukhulula ukucwiliswa iyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa futhi ebalulekile yokukhulula i-drill ebambekile. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-ejenti yokukhulula i-jam, ngobuningi, okuhlanganisa uwoyela ongahluziwe, uwoyela wedizili, ama-compounds kawoyela, i-hydrochloric acid, i-asidi yomhlabathi, amanzi, amanzi anosawoti, amanzi e-alkali, njll. Ngomqondo omncane, ibhekisela esixazululweni esikhethekile esakhiwe ngezinto ezikhethekile zokuphakamisa i-drill ebambekile enamathele, kukhona okusekelwe ku-oyela, kukhona okusekelwe emanzini, ubuningi babo bungalungiswa njengoba kudingeka. Indlela yokukhetha i-ejenti yokukhulula, kuye ngesimo esithile sesifunda ngasinye, umthombo ophansi wokucindezela ungakhethwa ngokuthanda, umthombo ophakeme wokucindezela ungakhetha kuphela i-ejenti yokukhulula ephezulu.