Izimbangela Nezixazululo Zokulahlekelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwe-WOB Ekubhobozeni

1. Umqondo, Izenzakalo kanye Nezingozi Zokulahlekelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwe-WOB

Umqondo:Ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, ukungqubuzana okukhulu phakathiintambo yokubhobozakanye nodonga olumbozwe kahle luvimbela isisindo esise-bit (WOB) ukuthi singadluliselwa ku-drill bit—esikhundleni salokho, yonke i-WOB idliwa yi-drill string. Lokhu kubonakala njengokungena kwezinga naphezu kwe-WOB eyengeziwe, ukucindezeleka kwangemuva, kanye ne-torque ephansi. Isixazululo sihilela ukunciphisa ijubane lokujikeleza kanye nokukhulisa kancane kancane i-WOB (ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuhambisana namandla okucindezela e-drill string) kuze kube yilapho i-torque ikhuphuka ngokuzumayo futhi kuvela ingcindezi yangemuva ku-WOB. Ngemva kokubhoboza i-joint ngayinye, kudingeka ukuphinda uphindaphindeke kanye nokuphinda ubuyele emuva ngaphambi kokuxhuma i-joint elandelayo noma i-stand.

Izenzakalo Nezingozi:Le nkinga yenzeka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubhoboza okuqondiswa emuva kwe-circulation emithonjeni eqondile, ukusebenza kokugaya amafasitela kanye nokwehlukanisa indlela, kanye nokubhoboza okuqondiswa ngqo kwemithombo. Kuphazamisa ukwakhiwa okuvamile kwe-direction futhi kungaholela ekunamatheleni kwepayipi uma imisebenzi ingenziwanga kahle.

2.Ukuhlaziywa Kwezimbangela

Indlela Embi Yokugoba Imisipha:Ukuphambuka endleleni yokudonsa amanzi (okubangelwa izimo zokwakheka noma amaphutha okwakha) kuvame ukudinga ukulungiswa kokujikeleza kwegazi okuphambene. Amazinga aphezulu okwakha (avame kakhulu emithonjeni evundlile enerediyasi ephakathi nendawo/emfushane kuneyerediyasi ende) kanye nezindlela ezingavamile, kuhlangene nokuqina kwentambo yokubhoboza, kubangela ukuthi intambo yokubhoboza iphumule odongeni lwe-wellbore lapho kusetshenziswa ingcindezi—okubangela ukulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa kwe-WOB. Amandla engeziwe okudonsa ngesikhathi sokukhubeka ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwengcindezi afana namazinga ajwayelekile futhi ngokuvamile awadluli ingcindezi eyehlayo.

I-Wellbore Engcolile (Ukwakheka Kombhede Wokusika):Ukususa izicucu kuyinselele emithonjeni eqondisa indlela kanye nasemigodini evundlile enokuphambuka komthombo okungu-45-90 degrees. Ekwakhekeni okuqinile (isb., ukwakheka kweShahejie kanye neKongdian), izicucu ziqongelela kalula emibhedeni. Le mibhede yandisa ukungqubuzana okushelelayo phakathi kwentambo yokubhoboza kanye nodonga olunezimbobo, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokudluliselwa kwe-WOB.

Ikhekhe Lodaka Olukhulu Nolukhululekile, Isilinganiso Esiphezulu Sokungqubuzana Kodaka:Okuqukethwe okuphezulu okuqinile odakeni kuholela emaqebelengwaneni odaka aqinile, akhululekile, andisa indawo yokuxhumana nentambo yokubhoboza futhi andise ingozi yokunamathela. I-coefficient ephezulu yokungqubuzana kodaka ikhulisa ukumelana kokushelela kwentambo yokubhoboza. Lesi simo singase sibangele ukuvimba kwephampu ngokuzumayo lapho i-WOB ikhuliswa (isb., kuya kumathani angu-30), lapho amandla okudonsa engeziwe edlula i-WOB ehlayo.

3. Izinyathelo Zokunciphisa Ubunzima

Ukulawulwa Kwendlela Yokubhoboza I-Wellbore kanye Nokwenza Kahle Izintambo Zokubhoboza:Sebenzisa ukubhoboza okuqondiswe kahle ukuze ugweme ukuphambuka kwendlela okudinga ukulungiswa kokujikeleza kwegazi okuqondile. Yenza kube lula ukucushwa kwentambo yokubhoboza (nciphisaamakhola okubhoboza, khulisa amapayipi okubhoboza anzima) ukuze wehlise ukuqina futhi unciphise ukuthintana nekhekhe lodaka, uvimbele ukulahlekelwa nokunamathela kokudluliselwa kwe-WOB.

Okuthuthukisiwe Ukuhlanzwa Kwezimbobo Zomsele Nodaka:Sebenzisa imishini yokulawula izinto eziqinile ukuze uhlanze udaka olungaphezulu. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhambisa okwanele (okungenani ngaphansi kuka-3.4 m³/min ngezingxenye zomthombo ongu-φ311, u-1.1 m³/min ngezingxenye ezingu-φ216) bese ulungisa amapharamitha okwakheka kodaka (isilinganiso se-YP/PV: 0.42–0.50; i-viscosity: ≥48 s) ukuze uthuthukise amandla okuthwala izicucu. Ngemithombo evundlile, phinda ujikeleze ama-degree angu-20–30 okuphambuka ukuze uhlukanise imibhede yezicucu.

Thuthukisa Ukugcotshwa Kodaka kanye Nekhwalithi Yekhekhe Lodaka:Engeza amathani angu-3-5 kawoyela ongahluziwe (angadluli ku-10%) kuhlanganiswe nezinto zokugcoba ezisekelwe emanzini ukuze ulinganisele ukuthambisa kanye nekhwalithi yekhekhe lodaka. Faka i-asphalt ene-sulfonated noma i-phenolic resin ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo zekhekhe lodaka. Ukuze uthole ukulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa kwe-WOB ezimweni eziqinile, engeza ama-200-300 kg we-graphite enwetshiwe noma izinto zokugcoba ezicindezela kakhulu ukuze unciphise ukungqubuzana.

Xhumana: uBree Zhang
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