Isihlahla SikaKhisimusi (Isihlahla SikaKhisimusi saseWellhead)

Ulwazi Oluyisisekelo Lwezihlahla ZikaKhisimusi Ezingaphezulu (Izihlahla Ezomile)

Embonini kawoyela negesi yemvelo, "isihlahla sikaKhisimusi" sibhekisela ochungechungeni lwama-valve kanye nezinhlangano ze-spool ezifakwe phezu komthombo kawoyela. Emithonjeni yomhlaba, ifakwe phezu kwe-spool yokugcina ye-casing; emigodini engaphansi kolwandle, ifakwe phezu komhlangano we-wellhead enengcindezi ephezulu. Isithombe 1 sibonisa umdwebo odwetshiwe we-"Christmas Tree" kanye nomhlangano we-wellhead engaphezulu. Ingxenye yesihlahla sikaKhisimusi itholakala phezulu (ngaphakathi kwebhokisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), kanti ingxenye ye-wellhead iyingxenye engezansi (ngaphakathi kwebhokisi elibomvu). Abantu abaningi badida imiqondo ye-"Christmas Tree" kanye ne-"wellhead," bavame ukukholelwa ukuthi yinto efanayo.

Imisebenzi yayo imi kanje:

1. Ukuthutha ngokuphephile uketshezi oluvela emthonjeni luye phezulu ngendlela elawulwayo.
2. Ukunikeza ukufinyelela okuphephile emgodini wokusiza ukuze kwenziwe izinqubo zokungenelela emthonjeni.
3. Ukuvumela ukusebenza kokujova amanzi noma igesi.
4. Ukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumeka komugqa we-hydraulic ukulawula ama-valve okuphepha e-downhole (SCSSSV).
5. Ukunikeza izixhumi zikagesi zokufaka amathuluzi kanye nemishini yama-Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP).

Lesi sigaba sethula ubuso obuthi “Isihlahla SikaKhisimusi” (isihlahla esomile), okubhekisele kunoma yimuphi umuthi otholakala ngaphezu komugqa wamanzi. Isihlahla SikaKhisimusi siqukethe uchungechunge lwamavalvu, kanye nezingxenye zaso ezichazwe ngezansi.

I-Master Valve

I-valve enkulu itholakala ngaphezu kwe-tubing hanger futhi isebenza ukuvumela ukusebenza okuvamile komthombo noma ukuvala umthombo. Ngokuvamile, kune-valve ezimbili ezinkulu: enye ibizwa ngokuthi i-Lower Master Valve, kanti enye yi-Upper Master Valve. Ama-valve amabili avame ukusetshenziswa ukunikeza ukungasebenzi kahle; uma enye yehluleka, enye ingathatha umsebenzi wayo. Izibalo 2 no-3 zibonisa ama-schematics alula e-valve eyodwa enkulu kanye nama-valve amabili amakhulu, ngokulandelana.

I-T-Block (I-T-Block)

I-Tee (T-block) ivumela ukugeleza koketshezi ukuthi kuphambuke kusuka epayipini eliqondile kuye epayipini elivundlile.

Umfanekiso 4- Ukufakwa kohlobo lwe-T

I-Wing Valve (Iphiko Lokugeleza)

I-valve yephiko itholakala ohlangothini lwe-“Christmas Tree” assembly futhi ilawula noma ihlukanise ukugeleza kokukhiqiza umthombo ezindaweni ezingaphezulu. Kuye ngomklamo we-“Christmas Tree,” ingase ifakwe i-valve yephiko elilodwa noma amabili. Abanye opharetha badinga ama-valve amabili ephiko lokukhiqiza—elinye njenge-valve yokukhiqiza eyinhloko kanti elinye njenge-backup (bheka uMfanekiso 5). Ezimweni eziningi, i-valve yephiko elilodwa isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza, kanti elinye lisebenza njenge-valve yephiko lokubulala (bheka uMfanekiso 6).

Ukuminyana

“I-choke” iyisici esincane kakhulu esivimbelayo esihlahleni sikaKhisimusi, esisebenza ukulawula izinga lokukhiqizwa komthombo wamafutha. Kwezinye izimo, isetshenziselwa futhi ukulawula ukukhiqizwa kwesihlabathi. “I-choke” inciphisa indawo yokugeleza kwamafutha ngokufaka isilinda esincane noma i-orifice emzimbeni we-choke. Uma ububanzi besilinda buncane, izinga lokukhiqiza liyancipha. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-choke: 1) I-Positive Choke (amasilinda angashintshaniswa) kanye ne-2) I-Adjustable Choke (kulula ukulungisa usayizi we-choke).

I-Swab Valve

I-valve ye-swab itholakala phezulu kakhulu kwenhlangano ye-Christmas Tree, ehlinzeka ngendlela eqondile engena emthonjeni ukuze kusetshenziswe i-wireline, i-slickline, i-coiled tube, noma i-rod pump.

I-Tee Cap kanye ne-Pressure Gauges

I-T-Cap iyi-flange etholakala phezulu kwe-swab valve, evumela ukuxhumeka kwama-lubricator e-wireline noma i-coiled tube/swabbing unit Blowout Preventers (BOP) emthonjeni ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi yokungenelela emthonjeni. Ama-pressure gauge asetshenziselwa ukuqapha ingcindezi emthonjeni. Namuhla, iningi labasebenzi livame ukusebenzisa ama-pressure gauge kagesi ukudlulisa idatha yengcindezi kanye/noma izinga lokushisa ngezinhlelo ze-electronic ukuze kuqashwe kangcono emthonjeni.

Xhumana: uJessie Zhou

Ucingo/I-Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861

Email: energy@landrilltools.com