Ukuhlukaniswa nokukhethwa kwesivimbeli sokuqhunyiswa

Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuqonda ukusebenza kwemishini yokulawula kahle, ukufaka nokunakekela kahle, nokwenza okokusebenza kokulawula umthombo kudlale umsebenzi wawo okufanele ukuvimbela ukuqhuma. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuvimbela ukuvuthela okujwayelekile: isivimbeli sokuvuthela iringi nesivimbeli sokuvuthela inqama.

1.Isivimbeli sendandatho

(1) Uma kunentambo yepayipi emthonjeni, inkaba yenjoloba ingase isetshenziswe ukuvala isikhala sonyaka esakhiwe yintambo yepayipi kanye nesihloko somthombo;

(2) Ikhanda lomthombo lingavalwa ngokugcwele lapho umthombo ungenalutho;

(3) Ngesikhathi sokumba nokugaywa, ukugaywa kwamagobolondo, ukugawulwa kwemithi kanye nokudoba phansi, uma kwenzeka kuchichima noma kuqhunyiswa umoya, kungavala isikhala esakhiwe ngepayipi le-kelly, ikhebula, intambo yocingo, amathuluzi okubamba ingozi kanye ne-wellhead;

(4) Ngesilawuli sokukhulula ingcindezi noma isitoreji samandla esincane, singaphoqelela inhlanganisela yepayipi elishiselwe izinqe ngaphandle kwebhande elihle ku-18 °;

(5) Esimeni sokuchichima okukhulu noma ukuqhuma, isetshenziselwa ukuzuza ukuvaleka phakathi ngenqama ye-BOP kanye nokuphindaphindeka kwe-throttle.

2.Isivikeli sokuqhunyiswa kwenqama

(1) Uma kunamathuluzi okumba emthonjeni, inqama evalwe ngohhafu ehambisana nobukhulu bethuluzi lokumba ingasetshenziswa ukuvala isikhala sendandatho yomthombo;

(2) Uma lingekho ithuluzi lokumba emthonjeni, inqama yokuvala egcwele ingavala ikhanda lomthombo ngokugcwele;

(3) Uma kudingekile ukusika ithuluzi lokubhoboza emthonjeni futhi uvale ngokuphelele umthombo, inqama yokugunda ingasetshenziswa ukusika ithuluzi lokubhoboza emgodini futhi ivalwe ngokuphelele umthombo;

(4) Inqama yezinye izinqamu ezivimbela ukuvuthela ivumela ukuthwala futhi ingasetshenziswa ukumisa amathuluzi okumba;

(5) Kunembobo eseceleni kugobolondo lenqama ye-BOP, engasebenzisa imbobo eseceleni yokunciphisa ingcindezi;

(6) I-Ram BOP ingasetshenziselwa ukuvala umthombo wesikhathi eside;

3.Ukukhethwa kwezinhlanganisela ze-BOP

Izici eziyinhloko okufanele zicatshangelwe ekukhethweni kwenhlanganisela yokuvimbela i-hydraulic blowout yilezi: uhlobo lomthombo, ukucindezela kokubunjwa, usayizi we-casing, uhlobo loketshezi lokubunjwa, umthelela wesimo sezulu, izidingo zokuvikela imvelo, njll.

(1) Ukukhethwa kwezinga lokucindezela

Ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa ingcindezi ephezulu ye-wellhead okulindeleke ukuthi inhlanganisela ye-BOP imelane nayo. Kunamazinga okucindezela amahlanu e-BOP: 14MPa, 21MPa, 35MPa, 70MPa, 105MPa, 140MPa.

(2) Ukukhetha indlela

Ububanzi benhlanganisela ye-BOP buncike kusayizi we-casing ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo somthombo, okungukuthi, kufanele kube kukhudlwana kunobubanzi obungaphandle be-casing enamathiselwe kuyo. Kunezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalolunye zamadayamitha okuvimbela ukuvuthuza: 180mm, 230mm, 280mm, 346mm, 426mm, 476mm, 528mm, 540mm, 680mm. Phakathi kwazo, 230mm, 280mm, 346mm kanye 540mm avame ukusetshenziswa ensimini.

(3) Ukukhetha ifomu lokuhlanganisa

Ukukhethwa kwefomu lokuhlanganiswa kusekelwe ikakhulukazi ekucindezelweni kokubunjwa, izidingo zenqubo yokumba, isakhiwo samathuluzi okumba kanye nezimo ezisekela imishini.