Ukudoba Ngemfucumfucu Ephansi Nokwelashwa Ngengozi Yokubhoboza Okubambekile

1. Ukudoba imfucumfucu engaphansi

1.1Uhlobo lokuwa komgodi ophansi

Ngokwegama kanye nohlobo lwezinto eziwayo, izinhlobo zezinto eziwayo emayini ngokuyinhloko yilezi: izinto eziwa ngamapayipi, izinto eziwa ngenduku, izinto eziwa ngentambo kanye nezingcezu ezincane zezinto eziwayo.

1.2．Pizinto eziwayo

Ngaphambi kokudoba, idatha eyisisekelo yemithombo kawoyela namanzi kufanele ifundwe kahle kuqala, okungukuthi, ulwazi lokubhoboza nokukhiqiza uwoyela kufanele luqondwe kahle, isakhiwo somthombo, isimo sendawo embozwe kuyo, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini into ewayo ekuqaleni. Okwesibili, thola imbangela yezinto eziwayo, ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuguquguquka kanye nomphezulu wesihlabathi ogqitshwe ngemva kokuwela emgodini. Bala umthwalo omkhulu ongatholakala lapho udoba, qinisa i-derrick kanye nomgodi wentambo yomuntu. Kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe ukuthi ngemuva kokubamba izinto eziwile, ikhadi elingaphansi komhlaba kufanele libe nezinyathelo zokuvimbela nokubuyisana.

Amathuluzi okudoba avamile: Ama-die collars, ama-Taper taps, i-Spear, i-Slip Overshot njalo njalo.

Inqubo Yokudoba:

⑴Ukubona amabhlogo okubonisa phansi ukuze uqaphele indawo nesimo sezinto eziwayo.

⑵Ngokuya ngesimo sezinto eziwayo kanye nosayizi wesikhala se-Annular phakathi kwezinto eziwayo kanye nebhokisi, khetha amathuluzi okudoba afanele noma umklamo bese wenza amathuluzi okudoba wedwa.

⑶Lungisa izinyathelo zokuklama nokuphepha kokwakha, futhi ngemva kokuvunyelwa yiminyango efanele ngokuhambisana nezinqubo zokubika, ukwelashwa kokudoba kufanele kwenziwe ngokwesakhiwo, futhi imidwebo yokudweba kufanele idwetshwe yamathuluzi omgodi ongaphansi.

⑷Ukudoba kufanele kube bushelelezi.

Hlaziya izinto ezidotshiwe bese ubhala isifinyezo.

1.3．Rizinto eziwayo

Iningi lala ma-fall ayizinhlobo zezinduku, futhi kukhona nezinduku zokulinganisa isisindo namamitha. Amanye awela esibayeni, amanye awela epayipini.

⑴Ukudoba ngamapayipi

Kulula kakhulu ukudoba induku ephukile epayipini, njengokuthi induku ingadonswa phansi lapho induku ikhishwa ebhakedeni noma isigubhu sokudonsela phansi ukuze kudotshwe, uma ungadobi, ungenza futhi umsebenzi wokudoba.

⑵Ukudoba ngebhokisi

Ukudoba ngekheshi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba ububanzi bekheshi bukhulu, induku incane, insimbi incane, kulula ukuyigoba, kulula ukuyikhipha, futhi ukuma komthombo owelayo kuyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho udoba, ungadotshwa nge-lifting hook guide shoe slip overshot noma idivayisi yokudoba ekhululekile. Uma into ewelayo igobile ekheshini, ingalandwa nge-hook yokudoba. Uma udoti ucindezelwe emgodini futhi ungalandwa, ugoqwa nge-sleeve mill noma i-shoe mill, bese udoti ulandwa nge-magnet catcher.

1.4．Ukudoba izingcezu ezincane

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezingcezu ezincane eziwayo, njengebhola lensimbi, i-pliers, amakhoni, izikulufo njalo njalo. Imfucumfucu enjalo incane kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuyibuyisela. Amathuluzi ayinhloko okudoba izingcezu ezincane idivayisi yokudoba enemagnethi, ukubamba, ubhasikidi wokudoba ojikelezayo njalo njalo.

2. Ukwelashwa Kwengozi Yokubhoboza Okubambekile

Kunezizathu eziningi zokubhoboza okubambekile, ngakho-ke kunezinhlobo eziningi zokubhoboza okubambekile. Isihlabathi esivamile esibambekile, i-wax ebambekile, into ewayo ebambekile, ukuguqulwa kwekhava okubambekile, ukuqina kwesimende okubambekile njalo njalo.

2.1．Ukwelashwa Kwesihlabathi Esinamathele

Uma isikhathi sokunamathela kwethuluzi singeside noma ukuminyana kwesihlabathi kungekubi kakhulu, intambo yepayipi ingaphakanyiswa phezulu naphansi ukuze kukhululwe isihlabathi futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yokuminyana kokubhoboza.

Ukuze kulungiswe imisele ebambeke kakhulu yesihlabathi, okokuqala, umthwalo uyanda kancane lapho umthwalo ufinyelela inani elithile, futhi umthwalo wehliswa ngokushesha futhi uthululwe ngokushesha. Okwesibili, ngemva kwesikhathi semisebenzi yokwenyuka nokwehla, intambo yepayipi iyaqiniswa ukuze ime, ukuze intambo yepayipi imiswe isikhathi esithile ngaphansi kwesimo sokwelula, ukuze ukucindezeleka kusakazeke kancane kancane entanjeni yepayipi engezansi. Zombili izinhlobo zingasebenza, kodwa umsebenzi ngamunye kufanele umiswe imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10 isikhathi esithile ukuvimbela intambo ekukhathaleni nasekuphukeni.

Ukunamathela kwesihlabathi kungaphathwa ngezindlela zokukhulula ukujikeleza kwegazi okucindezelwe, ukukhululwa kwepayipi lokugeza, ukukhululwa kokuphakamisa okunamandla, ukukhululwa kwe-jack, ukukhululwa kwe-reverse casing milling, njalo njalo.

2.2．Ukwelashwa kokunamathela kwezinto eziwayo

Ukunamathela kwezinto eziwela phansi kusho ukuthi amazinyo e-plier, amazinyo ashelelayo, namanye amathuluzi amancane awela emgodini bese ebhajwa, okuholela ekubhobozweni okubambekile.

Uma ubhekene nezinto eziwela phansi ezibambekile, ungaphakamisi ngamandla, ukuze uvimbele ukubhajwa, okubangela izinkinga. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwelapha ezijwayelekile: Uma intambo ebambekile ingaphendulwa, ingaphakanyiswa kancane bese iphendulwa kancane. Izinto eziwela phansi ziyachotshozwa ukuze intambo yepayipi engaphansi komhlaba iphume; Uma indlela engenhla ingasebenzi, i-wall hook ingasetshenziswa ukulungisa ingxenye ephezulu yenhlanzi, bese udoba kabusha i-drop

2.3．Susa ikheyiji elinamathele

Ngenxa yokwanda kwezinyathelo zokukhiqiza noma ezinye izizathu, i-casing iyaphazamiseka noma yonakele, futhi ithuluzi lomgodi ophansi lehliswa ngephutha phezu kwendawo eyonakele, okuholela ekubholeni okubambekile. Ngesikhathi sokucubungula, ikholomu yepayipi ngaphezu kwendawo ebambekile kufanele isuswe futhi i-backing ingakhululwa kuphela ngemva kokulungiswa kwe-casing.