Ulwazi Lobuchwepheshe Lombhobozi – 4 丨 Amathuluzi Ayisithupha Amakhulu Omthombo Wemithombo Wokubhoboza + Izindlela Zokusebenza Ezisebenzayo kanye Nezinyathelo Zokuqapha Zezinhlelo Eziyisishiyagalombili Ezinkulu Zokubhoboza

Amathuluzi E-Wellhead

I. I-lifti

Uhlelo lokusebenzaIlifti isetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa nokwehlisaamathuluzi okubhobozangesikhathi sokukhubeka (isb., ukukhubeka ngama-lifti amabili), beka amathuluzi okubhoboza etafuleni elijikelezayo, bese ulungisa izitendi ngesikhathi sokubhoboza.

UkuhlukaniswaKukhona uhlobo oluvuleka eceleni oluphephile kabili, uhlobo oluhlukanisiwe oluphephile kabili, kanye nohlobo lokukhiya. I-CSD cluster lift ivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokubhoboza eShayina. Iqukethe ikakhulukazi umzimba oyinhloko, i-hinge, i-cotter pin, isibambo se-lock pin, isikulufu sokubopha ibhalansi, kanye nezikhonkwane zokukhiya eziphezulu nezingezansi.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Zokusebenzisa

(1) Imininingwane yelifti kufanele ifane nosayizi wethuluzi lokubhoboza; isinyathelo somthwalo kufanele sibe sicaba ngaphandle kokuguquka okukhulu noma ukuguguleka; iphini lehinji kanye nephini lokuphepha kufanele kugcotshwe; ibhande levalvu kufanele liguquguquke, liphephe futhi lithembeke;

(2) Izibambo zokuphepha kanye nama-bushing amancane kumele kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhubeka noma ukugijima kwekhava; umthelela onamandla awuvunyelwe lapho kuhlaliswa ilifti, futhi imisebenzi yokuphonsa i-sling ayivunyelwe ngokuphelele;

(3) Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile akuvunyelwe, futhi akuvunyelwe ukubopha izintambo ekheshini ukuze kuphakanyiswe izinto ezisindayo;

(4) Uma ubeka ilifti etafuleni elijikelezayo, gwema iphini yokukhiya i-kelly bushing bese uyilungisa kahle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla afanayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.

II. IsiTong

UkusetshenziswaI-tong ihlukaniswe nge-tong yangaphandle kanye ne-tong yangaphakathi, ezisebenzisana. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwakha nokuphula imicu yamathuluzi okubhoboza nokuqinisa izixhumanisi ngesikhathi sokukhubeka nokusebenza kwe-casing.

Uhlobo Luhlukaniswe ngobukhulu bethuluzi lokubhoboza elihlanganisiwe: Uhlobo B tong kanye ne-casing tong; Luhlukaniswe ngemodi yokusebenza: i-manual tong kanye ne-hydraulic tong. Njengamanje, i-Type B tong kanye ne-hydraulic tong zivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zasekhaya. Ububanzi bosayizi obuhilelekile be-Type B tong bungu-φ88.9 ~ φ298.4mm, futhi amapayipi anobukhulu obuhlukene angenziwa noma aphulwe ngokufaka umhlathi esikhundleni.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Zokusebenzisa

(1) Khetha umhlathi ofanele onguNombolo 5 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usayizi okhangayo uhambisana nosayizi wethuluzi lokubhoboza;

(2) I-tong kufanele isetshenziswe ejoyintini lepayipi lokubhoboza, imihlathi engenhla nengezansi iqhele ngama-30 ~ 50mm ukusuka ebusweni bokuvala ijoyinti ngokulandelana, kanye ne-engeli efakiwe phakathi kwe-tongs yangaphakathi neyangaphandle iphakathi kwama-45°~90°. Uma iqiniswa, i-tong yangaphandle iphezulu kanti i-tong yangaphakathi ingaphansi; uma iqhuma, i-tong yangaphandle ingaphansi kanti i-tong yangaphakathi ingaphezulu;

(3) Ungawulungisi umhlathi lapho uwushintsha ngekhanda lomthombo, futhi uvimbele iminwe ukuthi ichotshozwe noma induku ukuthi ilimale umhlathi;

(4) Uma usebenzisa i-tong, ungabeki iminwe phakathi kwe-tong ende enguNombolo 3 kanye ne-tong emfushane enguNombolo 4 ukuze ugweme ukuchoboza.

III. Ama-Slips

Isicelo

(1) Isetshenziselwa ukubeka ikhola yokubhoboza noma ipayipi lokubhoboza ekhanda lomthombo ngesikhathi sokukhubeka emithonjeni engajulile noma lapho amathuluzi okubhoboza emgodini ongaphansi elula kakhulu;

(2) Uma kwenzeka ukunamathela ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa i-reaming, cindezela ithuluzi lokubhoboza bese ulibeka etafuleni elijikelezayo ukuze udlulise i-torque.

UhloboKuhlukaniswe ngomsebenzi: iziliphu zepayipi lokubhoboza, iziliphu zekhola lokubhoboza kanye neziliphu zekhava;Kuhlukaniswe ngesakhiwo: iziliphu ezinezicucu ezintathu, iziliphu ezinezicucu, iziliphu ezinde, iziliphu ezimfushane, njll.;Kuhlukaniswe ngemodi yokusebenza: iziliphu zamandla kanye neziliphu ezenziwe ngesandla.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Zokusebenzisa

(1) Khetha usayizi ofanele wokushelela ngokuya ngamathuluzi okubhoboza imbobo ephansi;

(2) Hlola ubukhali bamazinyo ashelelayo (akufanele akhululeke noma afakwe ngokuphambene), ukuhlanzeka, ukuphelela kanye nokuqina kwezikulufo namaphini e-cotter, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi iphini yokuxhuma ingaphenduka kalula;

(3) Ngemva kokuba ukujula komthombo kufinyelele kumamitha ayi-1000, ama-lifti amabili kumele asetshenziswe ukukhubeka; ukusebenzisa ama-slip ane-lifti ukukhubeka akuvunyelwe;

(4) Uma ukhubekaikhola yokubhoboza, iziliphu kufanele zisetshenziswe kanye neziliphu zokuphepha. Isiliphu kufanele sibe ngamasentimitha angu-50 ukusuka ebusweni bebhokisi, kanti isiliphu sokuphepha kufanele sibe ngamasentimitha angu-5 ukusuka esiliphuni;

(5) Abaqhubi bezinsizakusebenza kumele bame ngaphandle kwebanga lokujikeleza kwama-slips ukuze bavimbele ukulimala kwama-slips ajikelezayo.

IV. Iziliphu Zokuphepha

Ukusetshenziswa Iziliphu zokuphepha zisetshenziswa neziliphu ngesikhathi sokukhubeka kwamakhola okubhoboza, imiphongolo eyinhloko kanye namapayipi amakhulu ukuvimbela amathuluzi okubhoboza ukuthi angasheleli emgodini.

Isakhiwo Sakhiwe yizingxenye eziningana zokushelela ezixhunywe ngokuphelele ngamaphini afakwe emigodini yephini. Zombili iziphetho zixhunywe kusikulufu se-lead ngamaphini eketanga ukuze kwakheke ukushelela okulungisekayo. Ngokushintsha inani lezingxenye zokushelela, ingavumelanisa namakhola okubhoboza kanye namashubhu osayizi abahlukene.

V. Roller Kelly Bushing

IsiceloNgaphezu kokudlulisa i-torque yetafula elijikelezayo, i-roller kelly bushing inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

(1) Ivumela ukuphakamisa noma ukwehlisa amathuluzi okubhoboza ngenkathi ujikeleza, okuwusizo ekubuyiseleni nasekubuyiseleni emuva;

(2) Njengesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe, ngeke siphume sibangele ukulimala kwabasebenzi;

(3) Ingafakwa kalula ku-master bushing;

(4) I-kelly ixhumana nama-roller, okuholela ekungqubuzaneni okuphansi kakhulu kanye nesisindo esinembile ku-bit (WOB);

(5) Ama-kelly nama-rollers axhumene, okunciphisa ukuguguleka kuzo zombili izingxenye futhi kwandise isikhathi sawo sokusebenza.

Imishini Yokubhoboza

Imishini yokubhoboza inezinhlelo eziyisishiyagalombili ezinkulu: uhlelo lokuphakamisa, uhlelo lokujikeleza, uhlelo lokujikeleza, uhlelo lokudlulisa, uhlelo lokushayela, uhlelo lokulawula, isakhiwo se-rig, kanye nemishini yokusiza.

Uhlelo Lokuphakamisa Ama-Rig angu-1

Ukuze kusingathwe imisebenzi yokukhubeka, ukusebenza kwekhaseji, ukulawula isisindo kuma-bit (WOB), kanye nokudla ama-bit, i-rig ifakwe isethi yemishini yokuphakamisa, equkethe kakhulu ama-drawwork, amabhuleki asizayo, uhlelo lokuhamba (kufaka phakathi i-crown block, i-traveling block, i-hook, kanye nentambo), kanye ne-derrick.

Derrick

(I-1965)1）I-derrick ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu yokuphakamisa imishini ye-rig. Iyisakhiwo sensimbi esinokuphakama nendawo ethile, futhi sinokuqina okuhle okuphelele. Sisebenza njengesisekelo sokumisa uhlelo lokuhamba, ikakhulukazi oluqukethe umzimba oyinhloko, uhlaka lwe-A, ipulatifomu yebhulokhi yomqhele, ibhodi lezinkawu, ileli lokusebenza, ipulatifomu yepayipi elime, iphansi lokubhoboza, kanye nesisekelo.

(I-1965)2）Uhlelo LokuhambaEmishinini yokuphakamisa i-rig, ukuxhuma i-crown block, i-traveling block, kanye ne-hook ngentambo yocingo kwakha uhlelo lwe-pulley oluhlanganisiwe, olwaziwa nangokuthi uhlelo lokuhamba lwe-rig.

(I-1965)3）Imidwebo Yokuphakamisa Imidwebo Yokuphakamisa Imidwebo yokudonsa iyimishini eyinhloko yesistimu yokuphakamisa, ingxenye eyinhloko yerigi, kanye nomunye wemishini eyinhloko yokusebenza yerigi.

Imisebenzi ye-Drawworks

(1) Ukuhlinzeka ngesivinini sokuphakamisa esihlukene kanye namandla okuphakamisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza kokukhubeka kanye nokusebenza kwekhava;

(2) Misa amathuluzi okubhoboza angashintshi, faka intambo yokubhoboza kanye ne-bit ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, bese ulawula i-WOB;

(3) Sebenzisa indlela ye-cathead ukwenza/ukuphula imicu yamathuluzi okubhoboza kanye namapayipi okuphakamisa nezinto ezisindayo;

(4) Isebenza njengendlela yokushintsha isivinini kanye nendlela yokudlulisela ephakathi yetafula elijikelezayo;

(5) Phakamisa futhi wehlise i-derrick uma kusetshenziswa i-derrick yokuphakamisa ehlanganisiwe;

(6) Yenza imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa imiphongolo eyinhloko kanye nokuhlola imithombo uma ifakwe isigubhu sokubopha isihlabathi;

(7) Faka imishini yokubhoboza phansi bese uqedela eminye imisebenzi yokusiza.

Ukwakheka Kwesakhiwo Semisebenzi Yokudweba YokubhobozaImisebenzi yokudweba yokubhoboza umshini wokuphakamisa osindayo, ngokuvamile oqukethe lezi zinhlelo ezilandelayo:

(1) Uhlelo lokusekela: Ukusekelwa kohlobo lohlaka oluhlanganisiwe noma uhlaka lwesisekelo lohlobo lwebhokisi elivaliwe;

(2) Uhlelo lokudlulisa: Lwakhiwe ngamashafti amathathu (umgodi wokudlulisa, umgodi we-cathead, kanye nomgodi we-drum);

(3) Uhlelo lokulawula: Luhlanganisa umhlathi, uhlobo lwamazinyo, kanye nama-clutch asebenzisa umoya, i-driller's console, kanye nama-valve okulawula;

(4) Uhlelo lokubhuleka: Uhlelo lokubhuleka (kufaka phakathi i-lever yebhuleki, ibhendi yebhuleki, ibhuleki eliyinhloko, kanye nebhuleki elisizayo);

(5) Uhlelo lokuphakamisa: Luhlanganisa isigubhu esiyinhloko, isigubhu esisizayo, ama-cathead ahlukahlukene, kanye nezinye izinto zokubopha izintambo;

(6) Uhlelo lokugcoba nokupholisa: Izindlela zokugcoba zifaka amafutha, ukugcoba ngamaconsi, ukugcoba nge-splash, noma ukugcoba ngenkani.

VI. I-Hydraulic Tong

Isakhiwo EsiyinhlokoI-hydraulic tong yohlobo lwe-Q10Y-M yakhiwe kakhulu yi-stroke gearbox, idivayisi yokunciphisa, ikhanda le-tong, uhlelo lokulawula umoya kanye nohlelo lwe-hydraulic.

Ukusebenza Okuyinhloko Kobuchwepheshe

(1) Uhlelo lwe-Hydraulic: Ukugeleza okulinganiselwe: amalitha angu-114 ngomzuzu; Ingcindezi yokusebenza ephezulu: 16.3 MPa; Amandla enjini (yokushayela kagesi): 40 kW;

(2) Uhlelo lomoya: Ingcindezi yokusebenza: 0.5 ~ 1.0 MPa.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Ukusebenza

(1) Usayizi wepuleti lomhlathi wekhanda le-tong kufanele ufane nosayizi we-drill pipe joint;

(2) Uma uhambisa i-tong enhlokweni yomthombo, akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuvala ngokuphelele i-air valve ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuvimbela i-tong ukuthi ingasheshi iye enhlokweni yomthombo futhi ibangele umthelela;

(3) Ungaphakamisi amathuluzi okubhoboza ngaphambi kokuba intambo yephini ikhishwe ngokuphelele entanjeni yebhokisi futhi intambo ikhululiwe emathuluzini okubhoboza;

(4) Uma i-tong ingasasebenzi, setha kabusha wonke ama-valve e-hydraulic kanye ne-pneumatic abe yi-zero, setha kabusha i-valve yokuhlola, umise iphampu ye-hydraulic, bese uvala i-valve ye-pneumatic ye-tong;

(5) Nquma indawo yesibambo sokubeka izintingo eziphezulu nezingezansi ngokwemisebenzi yokwakheka/yokuqhekeka. Uma ushintsha izikhundla, zonke izintingo zekhanda lezintingo kumele ziqondaniswe ngaphambi kokusebenza; ngaphandle kwalokho, indlela yokusebenza ingase yehluleke.

Uhlelo Lokujikeleza Lwezinsika Ze-II

Uhlelo olujikelezayo luqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: itafula elijikelezayo kanye nokujikeleza. Umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amathuluzi okubhoboza ayajikeleza ngenkathi amathuluzi ebhoboza njalo futhi uketshezi lokubhoboza lujikeleza njalo.

Isakhiwo Sethebula ElijikelezayoIthebula elijikelezayo liyisinciphisi segiya esingu-figure-eight esiguqula ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okuvundlile kusuka enjinini kube ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okuqondile.

(1) Itafula elijikelezayo le-ZP-275 lakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngesisekelo esishisiwe, i-turntable, i-main bearing, i-anti-jump bearing, i-giya ring enkulu, i-quick-connect assembly, i-tensioning device, i-master bushing, kanye nesembozo sangaphezulu;

(2) Itafula elijikelezayo le-ZP7-520 lakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngesisekelo, i-turntable, amagiya amakhulu namancane e-bevel, izingxenye ezixhuma ngokushesha, njll.

Isakhiwo se-Swivel

(1) I-S-450 swivel: Ngokomsebenzi wayo, i-swivel yakhiwe yingxenye eqondile, ingxenye ejikelezayo nethwalayo, kanye nengxenye yokuvala. Ingxenye eqondile iqukethe i-housing, ikhava ephezulu, ikhava engezansi, i-gooseneck, i-bail, kanye ne-bail pin; Ingxenye ejikelezayo nethwalayo iqukethe ipayipi eliphakathi, i-joint, i-main bearing, i-anti-jump bearing, kanye nama-upper/lower centralizing bearing; ingxenye yokuvala iqukethe i-packing assembly kanye nama-spring seal rings aphezulu/aphansi.

(2) I-S7-130 ejikelezayo: Yakhiwe futhi izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: eziqinile, ezijikelezayo, kanye nokuvala. Ingxenye ezinzile ifaka phakathi indlu, isembozo esingaphezulu, ipayipi lokugoba, isembozo esingezansi, kanye ne-gooseneck; Izingxenye eziyinhloko zengxenye ejikelezayo yipayipi eliphakathi, ibhere eliyinhloko, ibhere elilwa nokugxuma, kanye namabhereli aphakathi aphezulu/aphansi; ingxenye yokuvala ifaka phakathi ukupakisha uwoyela ophezulu, ukupakisha uwoyela ophansi, kanye nama-gland okupakisha uwoyela aphezulu/aphansi.

Uhlelo Lokujikeleza Ama-Rig Lwesithathu

Ukuze kususwe njalo izingcezu zemithombo ngoketshezi lokubhoboza ukuze kubhobozwe ngokungaphazanyiswa, i-rig ifakwe uhlelo lokujikeleza. Ihlanganisa kakhulu amaphampu okubhoboza, ama-manifolds angaphezulu, imigodi yoketshezi lokubhoboza, imishini yokuhlanza uketshezi lokubhoboza, kanye nemishini yokulungiselela uketshezi lokubhoboza. Ekubhobozeni ngenjini engaphansi, uhlelo lokujikeleza luphinde luthwale umsebenzi wokudlulisa amandla.

(I-1965)1）Isakhiwo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza sephampu yokubhoboza

Iphampu yokubhoboza yakhiwe kakhulu yizingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu: ukuphela koketshezi kanye nokuphela kwamandla. Ukuphela koketshezi kwephampu esebenza ngo-triplex eyodwa kufaka phakathi izingxenye ezifana ne-cylinder block, i-piston, i-suction valve, kanye ne-discharge valve; umkhawulo wamandla uhlanganisa izingxenye ezifana nohlaka, i-crankshaft, i-transmission shaft, induku yokuxhuma, i-crosshead, kanye nenduku yephini lesihlakala.

Isiphetho samandla siqhuba umgodi oyinhloko wepompo ukuthi ujikeleze ngebhande (noma uchungechunge, umgodi ojwayelekile), bese kuthi indlela yokuxhuma induku ye-crank ihambise i-piston ngakwesokudla. Kwakheka ingcindezi engemihle ngaphakathi kwesilinda, bese uketshezi olusesitsheni esiphezulu lusunduza luvule i-valve yokumunca bese lungena kwisilinda ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya, kuze kube yilapho i-piston ithuthela endaweni efanele ukuqedela inqubo yokumunca.

Uma i-piston iqala ukuhamba iye kwesobunxele, uketshezi olusesilinda lucindezelwa yi-piston, okwenza ingcindezi ikhuphuke. I-valve yokumunca iyavalwa, i-valve yokumunca iyavuleka, bese uketshezi luphushwa luphume ku-valve yokumunca yi-piston, bese lungena ku-manifold yokucindezela okuphezulu ngepayipi lokumunca, kuqedwe inqubo yokumunca.

（2） I-Manifold Engaphezulu

Ibhekisela ku-manifold yesistimu yokujikeleza koketshezi lokubhoboza, okuhlanganisa ipayipi lokufunxa iphampu yokubhoboza, i-manifold enomfutho ophezulu, kanye ne-manifold enomfutho ophansi.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-manifold enomfutho ophezulu ukuxhuma iphampu yokubhoboza kanye nohlelo olujikelezayo lokuhambisa uketshezi lokubhoboza. Yaziwa ngokuthi “umthambo wokubhoboza”. Ihlanganisa iphayiphi yokukhipha iphampu yokubhoboza, amapayipi angaphezulu phakathi kweqembu le-valve kanye ne-swivel, i-standpipe, kanye ne-rotary hose, konke okudingekayo ukuze kumelwane nomfutho ongu-35 MPa.

I-manifold yokucindezela okuphansi ibhekisela engqikithini yamapayipi okuxhuma phakathi kwevalvu nethangi lokuhlanza, kanye nama-manifold okuxhuma phakathi kwamathangi okuhlanza. Iyadingeka ukuze imelane nokucindezela okungu-6 MPa.

Imishini Namathuluzi Asizayo E-IV

I-Winch kagesi

Isiphakamisi Sikagesi

Iphampu ye-Centrifugal

Iphampu Engaphansi Komhlaba

Isibhamu Sokugcoba Sohlobo Lwe-Lever

I-Hydraulic Jack

Xhumana:UJessie Zhou

Iselula/I-Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861
I-imeyili:energy@landrilltools.com