Izitayela ezine ezintsha eziqhuba imboni kawoyela ngo-2023

1. Ukunikezwa kwempahla kuncane 

Nakuba abahwebi bekhathazekile kakhulu ngesimo somnotho womhlaba wonke, amabhange amaningi okutshalwa kwezimali kanye nezinkampani ezinikeza izeluleko zamandla zisabikezela amanani aphezulu kawoyela kuze kube ngu-2023, futhi ngesizathu esihle, ngesikhathi lapho izimpahla ezingavuthiwe ziqina emhlabeni jikelele. Isinqumo sakamuva se-Opec + sokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa ngamabhareli engeziwe ayizigidi ezingu-1.16 ngosuku (i-BPD) ngenxa yokuwa kwamanani kawoyela okubangelwa yizici ezingaphandle kwemboni siyisibonelo esisodwa, kodwa hhayi sodwa, sendlela izimpahla eziqina ngayo.

2. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali

Isidingo sikawoyela emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi sibe phezulu kulo nyaka kunangonyaka odlule, naphezu kokuqiniswa kokulawulwa kokunikezwa kwangempela kanye nokwenziwe. I-International Energy Agency (IEA) ilindele ukuthi isidingo sikawoyela emhlabeni wonke sifinyelele emazingeni aqopha umlando kulo nyaka futhi sidlule ukunikezwa ekupheleni konyaka. Imboni kawoyela negesi ilungiselela ukuphendula, ohulumeni namaqembu ezishoshovu zemvelo beqinisa imizamo yokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela negesi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingakanani inhloso yesidingo, ngakho-ke izinkampani ezinkulu zikawoyela kanye nabadlali bezimboni ezincane basendleleni yokunciphisa izindleko kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.

3. Gxila ku-carbon ephansi 

Kungenxa yalokhu kucindezela okukhulayo ukuthi imboni kawoyela negesi ishintshashintsha ibe imithombo yamandla asebenzisa ikhabhoni ephansi, okuhlanganisa nokubamba ikhabhoni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezinkampani ezinkulu zikawoyela zase-US: I-Chevron isanda kumemezela izinhlelo zokukhula kulo mkhakha, futhi i-ExxonMobil ihambe ibanga elide, ithi ibhizinisi layo elisebenzisa ikhabhoni ephansi lizodlula uwoyela negesi ngolunye usuku njengomnikelo wemali engenayo.

4. Ithonya elikhulayo le-Opec

Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, abahlaziyi baphikisana ngokuthi i-Opec yayilahlekelwa ngokushesha ukusebenza kwayo ngenxa yokuvela kwe-shale yase-US. Kwabe sekufika i-Opec+, lapho iSaudi Arabia ihlangana nabakhiqizi abakhulu, iqembu elikhulu lokuthumela ngaphandle okungcolile elinomthwalo omkhulu kakhulu wokuhlinzekwa kukawoyela emhlabeni wonke kunakuqala i-Opec yodwa, futhi izimisele ukulawula imakethe ukuze izuze yona.

Okuphawulekayo ukuthi akukho ngcindezi kahulumeni, njengoba wonke amalungu e-Opec + azi kahle izinzuzo zemali engenayo kawoyela futhi ngeke ayilahle egameni lemigomo ephezulu yokuguquka kwamandla.