Indlela yokugcina amakhola okubhoboza angewona amagnetic ngemuva kokusebenzisa

Okweamakhola okubhoboza angewona amagnetic(ama-NMDC) asetshenziswa ekubholeni okuqondiswe ngqo, ukulungiswa kwangemva kokusetshenziswa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile, ukwandisa impilo yesevisi, nokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwamagnetic noma umonakalo wesakhiwo obangelwa ukuphathwa okungafanele, okungalimaza ukunemba kokulinganisa imbobo ephansi. Ngezansi kunezinyathelo zokulungisa ezinemininingwane kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha:

1. Ukuhlanzwa Ngemva Kokusetshenziswa

• Ukususwa Kodaka Nezinsalela:
  • Hlanza ngokushesha izindawo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zekhola yokubhoboza ngamanzi anomfutho ophezulu noma imishini yokuhlanza ekhethekile ukuze ususe ngokuphelele uketshezi lokubhoboza, izingcezu, amafutha, nezinye izinsalela, ukuvimbela ukugqwala noma ukukala.
  • Sebenzisa izihlanzi ezingathathi hlangothi (gwema izinyibilikisi ezine-asidi noma ezine-alkaline enamandla) ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwendawo.
• Ukomisa:
  • Ngemva kokuhlanza, sebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe noma izindwangu ezomile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zomile ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokuxhuma ezinezintambo, ukuvimbela ukugqwala ekugcinweni komswakama.

2. Ukuhlolwa Okuphelele

• Ukuhlolwa Okubonakalayo:
  • Hlola ukuthi akukho imihuzuko, ukugoba, imifantu, noma ukukhubazeka ebusweni bekhola, ugxile ekuxhumaneni okunezintambo kanye nezindawo zokugxila ekucindezelekeni (isb., izindawo zokuguquka).
  • Sebenzisa amathuluzi okukhulisa noma izindlela ezingahambisani nomagnetic (isb., ukuhlolwa kokufaka udayi) ukuthola imifantu emincane.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwentambo:
  • Hlola izintambo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ukuze ubone ukuthi ziyaguga, ziyaguga, noma ziyagqwala. Sebenzisa amageyiji entambo ukuqinisekisa ukunemba uma kudingeka.
  • Hlanza imicu bese ufaka amafutha angewona awensimbi alwa nokugqwala.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokuvunyelwa Kwamagnetic:
  • Sebenzisa i-gaussmeter (i-Tesla meter) ukukala ukuqina kwensimu yamagnetic kuyo yonke ikhola, uqinisekise ukuthi ukungena kwamanzi kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso (ngokuvamile ≤1.05 μ).
  • Uma kutholakala ukuthi i-magnetization yendawo (ngenxa yokucindezeleka noma ukungcoliswa kwensimbi), yenza i-demagnetization (isb., i-annealing noma i-degaussing ekhethekile).

3. Ukususa Umagnethi (Uma Kudingeka)

• Ukufakwa kwe-Annealing:
  • Shisa esithandweni somoya esilawulwayo kuze kufike ekushiseni kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo (isb., 600–800°C kuma-alloy e-Monel) ukuze ususe ukucindezeleka okusele kanye ne-magnetism.
  • Landela ngokuqinile imingcele yomkhiqizi ukuze ugweme ukushisa ngokweqile, okungase kubangele ukugqwala phakathi kwe-granular noma ukuwohloka komshini.
• Ukususa i-Degaussing Kwasendaweni:
  • Sebenzisa imishini yokususa i-electromagnetic ukuze uqondise izindawo ezisebenzisa ugesi futhi ubuyisele izakhiwo ezingezona ugesi.

4. Ukuvimbela Ukugqwala kanye Nokugcoba

• Isimbozo Sokulwa Nokugqwala:
  • Lungisa umonakalo omncane wobuso ngopende wokuthinta noma nge-epoxy coating ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kokugqwala.
• Ukuvikelwa Kwentambo:
  • Faka amafutha angewona awensimbi (isb., amafutha asekelwe ku-molybdenum disulfide) ezintanjeni ukuze uvimbele ukuguguleka nokugqwala.
  • Faka izivikeli zentambo (isib., izivalo zepulasitiki) ngesikhathi sokugcina noma sokuthutha.

5. Ukuphathwa Kwesitoreji

• Izidingo Zemvelo:
  • Gcina endaweni eyomile, enomoya opholile endlini enomswakama ongaphansi kuka-60% kanye namazinga okushisa azinzile.
  • Gcina kude nemithombo enamandla yamagnetic (isib. ama-motor, ama-transformer).
• Ukubeka Indawo:
  • Beka ngokuvundlile kuma-rack akhethekile ukuze ugweme ukugoba; ungalokothi ubeke inqwaba phezulu noma uyibeke ngqo.
  • Hlola izimo zokugcina njalo ngekota ukuze ubone ukuthi zigqwalile noma zigugile yini.

6. Ukuvikelwa Kwezokuthutha

• Ukuvikela Nokugoqa:
  • Sebenzisa izinto eziklanyelwe zona ezinamaphedi enjoloba noma amabhlogo ezinkuni ukuze uvimbele ukushayisana ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
• Ukuvikela KukaMazibuthe:
  • Amakhola esivikelo anezinto ezilwa nomagnetic uma ethuthwa eduze kwemithombo yamagnetic.

7. Ukuhlolwa Kobungcweti Okuvamile

• Ukuhlolwa Okuvamile:
  • Yenza izivivinyo zelebhu zeqembu lesithathu kabili ngonyaka/ngonyaka, okuhlanganisa:
    • Ukuhlolwa kokungena kwamanzi (ngokwe-ASTM A342).
    • Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic (UT) noma ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray (RT) kokukhubazeka kwangaphakathi.
    • Ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwezinto (isb., i-spectrometry) ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho obungebona obunamandla kazibuthe.
• Imibhalo:
  • Gcina amarekhodi emiphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nezenzo zokulungisa ukuze kulandelwe umjikelezo wokuphila.

8. Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabasebenzi

• Qeqesha abasebenzi njalo ku:
  • Ukuvimbela imiphumela yamathuluzi ensimbi kuI-NMDCs.
  • Ukugwema ukusebenza/ukugcinwa eduze kwamasimu anamandla kazibuthe.
  • Ukusebenzisa ama-torque wrench ukuqinisa imicu ngokwezidingo.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Eziyinhloko

• Gwema UkushiselaAma-NMDC ngokuvamile awakwazi ukushibilika; ukulungiswa kumele kwenziwe ngabakhiqizi abaqinisekisiwe.
• Ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo: Qinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokuhlanza, izinto zokugcoba, njll., ziyahambisana nezinto ezisetshenziswa ekhola (isb., ama-alloy e-Monel azwela i-ammonia; gwema izinto eziqukethe i-ammonia).

Ukugcinwa okuhlelekile kunciphisaI-NMDCamazinga okwehluleka, okuqinisekisa ukunemba kokubhoboza okuqondisiwe kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza. Shintsha noma buyisela amakhola alimele kakhulu noma anama-magnethi kumkhiqizi ngokushesha.

I-PS:

I-LANDRILLI-can inikeza uhla oluphelele lwamakhola okubhoboza abushelelezi najikelezayo e-NMDC ane-P530, P550, P650 nezinto ezifanayo. Xhumana nathi ukuthola imininingwane.