Ukukhethwa kwezinto zamathuluzi okudonsa phansi kuthonywa izici eziningi. Ngokombono wezinhlobo zamathuluzi okudonsa phansi:
Amathuluzi okubhoboza, amathuluzi okugcina imininingwane, kanyeamathuluzi okusebenza: Lawa mathuluzi anempilo emfushane yokusebenza, ngakho adinga amandla aphezulu kodwa anezidingo eziphansi zokumelana nokugqwala.
Amathuluzi okuqeda: Kudingeka asebenze ngaphansi kwembobo iminyaka eminingana, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwembobo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kumele kucatshangelwe.
Ngokombono wezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba, zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine:
Indawo ejwayelekile (engenayo i-hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), enokuqukethwe kwe-carbon dioxide (CO₂) okungaphansi kwe-1 psi [cishe i-0.0069 MPa]); Indawo yokugqwala kwe-H₂S; Indawo yokugqwala kwe-CO₂; Indawo yokugqwala ehlanganisiwe ye-H₂S ne-CO₂.
Ukukhethwa Kwezinto Zamathuluzi Okudonsa Emgodini Ezindaweni Ezijwayelekile
Ngamathuluzi okudonsa phansi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezijwayelekile, izinsimbi ze-alloy ezifana ne-4130, 4140, kanye ne-4145 (amamaki e-AISI) zivame ukukhethwa. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye namandla okusebenza kwalezi zinto kukhonjisiwe kumathebula alandelayo:
1. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezakhi Zamakhemikhali (Ingxenye Enkulu)
| Isici | 4130 (AISI) | 4140 (AISI) | 4145 (AISI 4145H) |
| Ikhabhoni (C) | 0.28-0.33% | 0.33-0.48% | 0.43-0.48% |
| I-Manganese (Mn) | 0.40-0.60% | 0.75-1.00% | 0.75-1.00% |
| I-Chromium (Cr) | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% |
| I-Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% |
| I-Silicon (Si) | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% |
| I-Sulfur (S)/I-Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.040% (S), ≤0.035% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) |
2. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwamandla Emishini
| Impahla Yomshini | 4130 | 4140 | 4145 (Ibanga H, Inani Elijwayelekile) |
| Amandla Okudonsa | 760-871 MPa | 795-1000 MPa | 950-1100 MPa |
| Amandla Okukhiqiza | ≥635 MPa | ≥610-750 MPa | ≥750 MPa |
| Ukwelulwa | ≥17% | ≥22% | ≥10% |
| Ubulukhuni (HRC) | 28-32 (ngemuva kokucima nokushisa) | 28-34 (ngemuva kokucima nokushisa) | 32-36 (ngemuva kokucima nokushisa) |
Njengoba kungabonakala ematafuleni:
Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwalezi zinto kuyanda ngokulandelana (4130 < 4140 < 4145), kuyilapho okuqukethwe kwezinye izakhi kufana.
Izakhiwo zemishini: Amandla ahlobene kahle nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni—i-4145 inamandla aphezulu kakhulu—kuyilapho ukuqina kwehla ngokuphambene, kuthi i-4130 ibe nokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu.
I-4130, i-4140, kanye ne-4145 zingamazinga ezinto zomhlaba wonke, futhi okulingana nazo zasekhaya eShayina yilezi ezilandelayo:
- 4130 (AISI) ≡ Ibanga lasekhaya 30CrMoA;
- 4140 (AISI) ≡ Ibanga lasekhaya 42CrMo;
- 4145H (AISI) ≡ Ibanga lasekhaya 45CrMo.
I-4130 kanye ne-4140 zifanelekela amathuluzi okuqeda avamile, kugxilwe kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwezindleko kanye nokushintshwa.
I-4145H ivame ukusetshenziswa kumathuluzi ajulile, anomfutho ophezulu, noma anomthwalo omningi (njengamathuluzi okubhoboza namathuluzi okusebenza), kugxilwe kakhulu emandleni nasekugugeni.
Ukukhethwa Kwezinto Zokusebenza Zamathuluzi Okuqeda Ezindaweni Ezonakalisayo
Ngamathuluzi okuqeda ezindaweni ezigqwalisayo, ukukhethwa kuncike kakhulu ekucindezelweni okungaphelele kwamagesi ane-asidi (ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-CO₂ kanye ne-H₂S).
1. Imithombo enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-CO₂
Ukuze kuvinjwe ukugqwala kwe-CO₂, okuqukethwe kwe-chromium (Cr) ezintweni kudinga ukwanda. Izinto ezilandelayo (ezihlungwe ngokuqukethwe kwe-Cr) zingamboza imithombo ngokucindezela okuyingxenye kwe-CO₂ okusukela ku-0.5 MPa kuya ku-14 MPa.：3Cr (Okuqukethwe kwe-Cr ≈ 3%), 9Cr1Mo (Okuqukethwe kwe-Cr ≈ 9%), 13Cr, S13Cr, 17Cr (ibanga le-S17400), 22Cr (isb., insimbi engagqwali ye-duplex S32205), kanye nensimbi ye-25Cr.
2. Imithombo enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-H₂S
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukugqwala kwe-sulfide stress cracking (SSC), okuqukethwe yi-nickel (Ni) ezintweni zokwakha kudinga ukukhushulwa. Uma ingcindezi engaphelele ye-H₂S ingaphezu kwe-1 MPa kanye nengcindezi engaphelele ye-CO₂ nayo iphezulu, kufanele kusetshenziswe ama-alloy okushisa aphezulu njengalawa alandelayo:
Ukukhethwa Kwezinto Ezikhethekile Zezingxenye Ezikhethekile
Izinto eziyinhloko zamathuluzi okudonsa phansi (ezithintana noketshezi lomthombo kanye nemithwalo yokuthwala): Kukhethwe ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ezingenhla.
Izingxenye zokugunda: Ngokuvamile zenziwe ngezinsimbi zethusi ze-H62 noma zensimbi engagqwali ze-S36600.
Izingxenye zokunamathisela: Kukhethwe kusuka ku-20CrMoTi noma ku-20CrMnTi. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubulukhuni bomphezulu, kudingeka ukwelashwa kwe-carburing yomphezulu (enobukhulu bengqimba ye-carburing engu-0.8-1.2 mm), okwandisa ubulukhuni bomphezulu ku-HRC 58-62.
Ezinye Izici Ezithinta Ukukhethwa Kwezinto kanye Nezindinganiso Zokubhekisela
Ngaphezu kwamagesi ane-asidi, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha uwoyela ongaphansi komhlaba kanye namathuluzi ongaphansi komhlaba kuhlobene nokushisa komgodi ongaphansi komhlaba, ukunqunywa kwamanzi, izinga lokumbiwa kwamaminerali, kanye nenani le-pH. Ukuze uthole izindlela zokukhetha eziqondile, bheka izinkombandlela zokuklama ze-Q/HS 14015 ezijwayelekile embonini zokuvimbela ukugqwala kwamapayipi kanye ne-casing eMithonjeni kawoyela negesi yasogwini.
I-Landrill iphinde ihlinzeke ngebha yezinto zensimbi ezingu-41430、4140、4145.
Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza.https://www.landrilloiltools.com/
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-03-2025
5-1203 Dahua Digital Industrial Park Tiangu 6th Road,Hi-tech Development Zone Xi'an, China
86-13609153141
