Indlela Yokusetha Nokukhulula I-RTTS Packer

Imininingwane mayelana nama-RTTS Packers

I-RTTS (Ukuhlolwa Okungabuyiselwa - Ukwelapha - Ukucindezela)abapakiziyizipaki ezinkulu, ezingatholakala ezikwazi ukumelana nengcindezi eqondene nezinhlangothi ezimbili. Zenzelwe ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi emisebenzini efana nokuhlolwa kokwakheka, ukufaka i-asidi, kanye nokufaka usimende, okuvumela imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene ukuthi iqedwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, izipaki ze-RTTS zivame ukusetshenziswa enkambisweni yethu yokuhlola ukukhiqiza. Ukuze siqonde kangcono isakhiwo sangaphakathi saleli thuluzi, sidinga ukulihlola ngokuningiliziwe, okuzosisiza sibhekane nezinkinga ezingase ziphakame ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kanye nokuphathwa ngemva kokulungiswa.

1. Incazelo yama-RTTS Packers

Ama-packer e-RTTS avaliwe ngomshini, anjengesikhindi afakwe idivayisi yokunamathisela i-hydraulic. Asetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini yokuqhekeka kanye nokwenza i-asidi, kodwa futhi angasetshenziswa emisebenzini yokudonsa amanzi njengokuhlola imithombo, ukufaka amanzi, kanye nokucinywa kwesimende.

Ama-RTTS packers amathuluzi akhethekile asetshenziselwa ukuvala izendlalelo zikawoyela, igesi, namanzi ngaphakathi kwe-wellbor ene-casing. Asebenzisa amandla angaphandle ukuze afinyeze ubude besilinda yerabha futhi andise ububanzi bayo. Ngokuvala ungqimba lukawoyela nesikhala se-annular, i-packer ihlukanisa ungqimba lukawoyela (noma izendlalelo zegesi/amanzi) ngaphezulu nangaphansi, ifeze injongo yokuhlola imithombo kawoyela negesi.

Ama-RTTS packers eza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-intshi angu-4 1/2, ama-intshi angu-5, ama-intshi angu-5 1/2, ama-intshi angu-7, kanye nama-intshi angu-9 5/8. Usayizi ngamunye we-packer ufakwe indlela yokuguqula i-J-slot, ama-mechanical slips, umzimba we-packer, kanye nesakhiwo se-hydraulic anchor. Isakhiwo se-hydraulic anchor sivimbela i-packer ukuthi isunduzelwe phezulu lapho ingcindezi engaphansi kwe-packer iphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi we-hydraulic anchor, leli thuluzi lifaneleka kakhulu ukuhlola imithombo engacindezelwanga kahle.

Izinombolo zamamodeli zama-packers zihambisana nosayizi wazo: ama-intshi angu-4 1/2, ama-intshi angu-5, ama-intshi angu-5 1/2, ama-intshi angu-7, kanye nama-intshi angu-9 5/8, okwenza zifaneleke ukusebenza kwemigodi ehlukene ngobukhulu obuhlukene be-casing.

2. Ukwakheka Kwesakhiwo:

Lo mshini wokupakisha uqukethe i-hydraulic anchor, i-raber cylinder, i-slip, kanye ne-guide block.

3. Izici:

a) I-hydraulic anchor iboshwe ngengcindezi yamapayipi, engavimbela ngempumelelo ukufuduka kwengxenye ephezulu ye-packer.

b) Ukushelela kuhlukaniswe nebhulokhi yokungqubuzana futhi kucindezelwa emseleni ocijile esimweni esingavaliwe.

c) Idivayisi ezenzakalelayo emise okwe-J ilula kakhulu.

d) I-coupling ye-packer yohlobo olushelelayo ene-tungsten carbide alloy block kanye ne-hydraulic anchoring device yenza kube lula ukufaka i-packer.

4. Izinto Okucatshangwayo Ngokusebenza

a) Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imbobo yokubeka phansi, kubalulekile ukuyifaka ngokuphelele emgodini bese uyihlanza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi azikho izinto eziqinile emgodini ezivimbela imbobo ukuthi yehliswe futhi ibekwe phansi.

b) Indlela yokuhlanganisa kufanele isebenze kahle futhi kancane. Akukho nkinobho yokumisa ephuthumayo okufanele isethwe ukuvimbela indlela yokuhlanganisa ukuthi ingasebenzi futhi ikhiywe ngengozi.

c) Indawo yokufaka kufanele igweme ukuhlangana kwendlu yomshini.

d) Uma kungekho ukugoba okutholakalayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvula ukuvala, ipayipi elimelelwe lidinga ukukhishwa futhi lize lifinyelele ekujuleni komthombo ukuze ibhlogo le-alloy elifakwe ebhokisini likhishwe ebhokisini bese liphakanyiswa.

5. Izinzuzo zama-RTTS Packers

1. Ama-RTTS packers angamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwemithombo yamafutha. Afaneleka kakhulu emithonjeni enomfutho ophansi, engenawo umoya kanye nemithombo yamafutha esindayo (imithombo engazifuthi ngokwayo), kanye nasezimweni lapho kwenzeka khona ukungcola okukhulu ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, ukufaka usimende, kanye nezinye izinqubo zokwakha. Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okukhulu, kudingeka inani elikhulu lemithombo yokuhlola, futhi kudingeka ukugeleza kwamanzi amaningi ukuze kutholakale imingcele yangempela yoketshezi kanye nokwakheka.

2. Amathuluzi okuqhekeka kwe-RTTS angafeza ukuhlolwa kwe-TCP (Conventional Fracturing) + MFE (Multi-stage Fracturing), futhi angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa okuthathu kwe-TCP (Conventional Fracturing) + MFE (Multi-stage Fracturing) + JET (hydraulic pump drainage), bese enza i-TCP (Conventional Fracturing) + MFE (Multi-stage Fracturing) + JET (hydraulic pump drainage) + acidizing kanye nezinye izinto ezine ezihlanganisiwe zobuchwepheshe obusha bokuhlola.

3. Amathuluzi okupakisha e-RTTS kulula ukuwasebenzisa, ayabiza kahle, anganciphisa kakhulu izindleko, futhi abe nezinzuzo ezinhle kwezomnotho nakwezenhlalo.

Ama-packer e-RTTS (Retrievable Test-Treat-Squeeze) angama-packer avuleka ngokuphelele, atholakalayo asetshenziselwa ukuhlola, ukwelapha, kanye nokuqinisa. Ezimweni eziningi, leli thuluzi liqhutshwa ngaphansi kwembobo nge-circulating valve assembly. Umzimba we-packer uhlanganisa i-J-slot mechanism, ama-mechanical slips, i-packer element, kanye ne-hydraulic slip. Ama-slips amakhulu, anzima ku-hydraulic locking mechanism asiza ukuvimbela ithuluzi ukuthi lifakwe emgodini. Emibuthweni ye-packer ≤ 3 1/2 inches (88.9 mm), i-drag spring isebenzisa i-J-slot mechanism, kanti ebukhulu be-packer ≥ 4 inches (101.6 mm), kusetshenziswa i-drag block. Zonke imizimba ye-packer iza ejwayelekile nge-automatic J-slot sleeve. Uma kusetshenziswa i-circulating valve, iwuhlobo oluvaliwe oluvulekile/olukhiyayo, olungasetshenziswa njenge-circulating valve kanye ne-bypass valve. Uma i-packer isethiwe, i-valve ikhiya ngokuzenzakalelayo endaweni evaliwe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola noma sokufaka usimende, idivayisi yokukhiya ivimbela ivalvu ukuthi ivulwe. Isikhala sika-J esiqondile endaweni yokukhiya sifanelana nesikhala sika-J esiqondile (ongakukhetha) emzimbeni we-packer. Le nhlanganisela iqeda isidingo sokujikeleza ipayipi ukuze kuvalwe ivalvu ejikelezayo noma ukusetha kabusha i-packer ngemva kokuba ipayipi selisusiwe yisimende.

Izici:

1. Umklamo ovulekile we-packer mandrel bore uvumela ukuthi kufakwe uketshezi oluningi ethuluzini. Izibhamu ezibhobozayo ezithuthwa ngamapayipi kanye namanye amathuluzi entambo zingaqhutshwa nge-packer.
2. I-packer ingafakwa futhi ibekwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi ngokusebenzisa ukuphathwa okulula kwamapayipi.
3. Ama-tungsten carbide inserts anikeza amandla amakhulu okubamba kanye nokumelana okungcono kokuguguleka, okusebenza kahle kakhulu uma kusetshenziswa ekhesini elinamandla aphezulu. Ukucindezela okusetshenziswa ngepayipi kuvula amandla ama-inserts ku-hydraulic locking mechanism

4. Ivalvu ejikelezayo ehlanganisiwe engazikhethela ikhiya endaweni evulekile noma evaliwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokucindezelwa futhi ivulwa kalula uma kudingeka ukuze kuvunyelwe ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphezu kwephakeji.

Ukusebenza:

Ukuze usethe i-packer, ithuluzi lehliswa kancane ngaphansi kwendawo yokusetha oyifunayo bese liphakanyiswa futhi lijikelezwe izikhathi eziningana. Uma ithuluzi liphansi, kungadingeka ukuthi ulijike ngesigamu sokujika. Kodwa-ke, emithonjeni ejulile noma ephambukile, kungadingeka ukujikelezwa okuningana kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elijikelezayo. Ukuze kugcinwe indawo, i-torque yesandla sokudla kumele igcinwe kuze kube yilapho ukufakwa komshini kuthuluzi sekusethiwe futhi kungaqala ukuthwala isisindo. Ukucindezela okulinganiselayo kumele kusetshenziswe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zompaki ukuze kukhululwe i-packer. Lapho ikhishwa epayipini, i-valve ejikelezayo ihlala ivaliwe, idala ukujikeleza okungemuva phansi kwe-packer. Lapho ipayipi lehliswa, lijikeleziswa ngakwesokudla, futhi liphakanyisiwe, i-valve ejikelezayo iyavuleka ukuze kuvunyelwe uketshezi ukuthi lujikelezwe luphume emthonjeni.

Indlela Yokusetha Nokukhulula I-RTTS Packer

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imbobo yokuwasha phansi, hambisa isivikelo se-friction block phezulu naphansi izikhathi eziningana ukuze uhlole ukuhamba kwezihibe zemishini, bese usifaka emgodini.

Uma ulungiselela ukungena emthonjeni, vala ivalvu ejikelezayo endaweni evulekile; i-J-slot nayo isendaweni ekhiyiwe, okungukuthi, i-lug ekhoneni le-J-slot hook, futhi i-slip isesimweni sokuhoxiswa.

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokusebenza, indlela yokushelela ishelela phezulu, ibeka ukushelela komshini futhi ivale ivalvu ejikelezayo. Ukuze uvimbele ukuvalwa ngengozi kwevalvu, yehlisa intambo yepayipi bese uyijikelezisa ngakwesokudla, uyiphakamisele endaweni evulekile, bese uyijikelezisa ngakwesokunxele uye endaweni evulekile ekhiyiwe, uqaphele ukuthi ungawukhiphi umcu wepayipi.
Uma ithuluzi lifika endaweni yokuhlola lapho imisebenzi kufanele yenziwe khona, yehlise kancane ngaphansi kwendawo yokusetha, bese uliphakamisa liye endaweni yokusetha.
Phansi emgodini, phendula intambo yepayipi izikhathi eziningana ngakwesokudla, uphendule ithuluzi nge-1/2 kuphela.

Gcina i-torque yesandla sokudla entanjeni yepayipi bese ufaka isisindo kuma-slips omshini.Yeka ukwehlisa intambo yepayipi, uyijikelezise ngakwesobunxele, bese ukhulula i-torque yesandla sokudla. Ngokuvamile, ukujika okungu-1/2 kokujikeleza njalo ngamamitha angu-300 kwanele, futhi akufanele kudlule inani lokujika kwesandla sokudla ngesikhathi sokusetha.

Ngesikhathi usebenzisa i-torque yesandla sokudla, yehlisa intambo yepayipi ku-packer, ubeke ithuluzi esimweni sokusebenza kwamandla okusetha okufunayo.

Vula ivalvu ejikelezayo bese ugcina uketshezi, ujikelezise intambo yepayipi ngakwesokudla, bese uyiphakamisa; faka ingcindezi epayipini bese uqhubeka nokuphakamisa kuze kube yilapho ukujikeleza kwegazi kwenzeka. Manje bamba kule ndawo, faka uketshezi, bese ukhulula intambo yepayipi kuze kube yilapho ukucindezela koketshezi kuphela, uvumele ithuluzi ukuthi liqale ukuthwala isisindo. Jikelezisa ngakwesobunxele bese ukhulula i-torque, bese uqhubeka nokwehlisa isisindo kuze kube yilapho iphakethe selibekwe futhi nge- oyifunayo.

Uma usuqedile ukuhlola nokukhulula i-packer, qala ngokulinganisela ingcindezi ku-packer. Bese uphakamisa intambo yepayipi ngaphandle kokuyijikelezisa, ngaleyo ndlela ugcine i-valve ejikelezayo ivaliwe futhi usungule ukujikeleza okujikelezayo okuzungezile i-packer.

Yehlisa ipayipi, phendula intambo yepayipi, bese uyiphakamisa, ngaleyo ndlela uvule ivalvu ejikelezayo, bese ithuluzi lingakhishwa ekhanda lomthombo.