Inkinga yesikhwama sodaka kanye nokwelashwa

Izimbangela ze-PDC bit balling

1. Izici ze-Geological: i-stratum ezobholwa udaka oluthambile olungeyona i-diagenetic engxenyeni engenhla, okulula kakhulu ukunamathela ebusweni be-drill bit futhi kubangele ukugoba kwe-bit ngemva kokuminyana; yize i-shale yodaka ku-stratum i-diagenetic, kulula ukuyifumisa nokuyisakaza, okwenza i-wellbor. Okuqukethwe kodaka noma isigaba esiqinile odakeni kuyanda kakhulu, okunamathela ebusweni be-drill bit ukuze kubangele ukugoba kwe-mud; noma ukwakheka kuqukethe i-gypsum ehlakazekile, ebangela ukungcola kodaka, kanye nesigaba esiqinile esiyingozi odakeni kunzima ukusisusa, okwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba i-drill bit ifakwe emasakeni odaka; Ukwakheka kunokungena okuphezulu. Ngaphansi kwesenzo somehluko wokucindezela, kumunca isigaba esiqinile esiyingozi ku-wellbor kanye nokusikwa okungenziwanga ngesikhathi, kwakha ikhekhe lodaka elijiyile, eliqongelela ngaphansi kwe-PDC bit lapho likhubeka ukuze lenze isikhwama esincane.

3. Izici zobuchwepheshe bobunjiniyela: ukufuduka ngesikhathi sokubhoboza kuncane, phansi komthombo kanye nengxenye yokubhoboza akukwazi ukuhlanzwa ngempumelelo, futhi isivinini sokubuya phezulu asanele, futhi izingcezu zihlala emthonjeni isikhathi eside, zinamathele odongeni lomthombo ukuze zakhe ikhekhe lodaka elijiyile, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nezingaphezulu. Kubi kakhulu uma ijubane liphezulu; ekwakhekeni kwamatshe odaka athambile, ingcindezi yokubhoboza inkulu kakhulu, ukwakheka noma izingcezu zokubhoboza zakha ukuxhumana okuqondile nobuso bengxenye yokubhoboza, okubangela ukugoba kwengxenye; Ikhekhe lodaka elikhuhliwe noma izingcezu lizofaka udaka kungxenye yokubhoboza.

4. Izici zokukhetha ama-bit okubhoboza: ukwakheka komgodi wamanzi akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokususwa kwama-chip; i-engeli yokususwa kwama-chip yomsele wokugeleza ivimbela izingcezu ukuthi zingashiyi phansi komthombo kahle.

5. Izici zezinga lokusebenza: isivinini sokubhoboza sishesha kakhulu, i-drill bit ayisheleli phansi komzila ojikelezayo, kodwa ikhuhla njalo ikhekhe lodaka noma izingcezu odongeni lomthombo, okungabangela kalula isikhwama se-bit; Akukhona ukuxhuma i-kelly ukuze kuhlanzwe i-drill bit ngendlela ejikelezayo, kodwa ukucindezela phansi noma ukubhoboza phansi, futhi ikhekhe lodaka noma izingcezu ezikhuhlwe odongeni lomthombo zizopakisha i-drill bit; indlela yokusebenza ayilungile lapho kubhobozwa phansi. , Ngemva kokuqala ipompo, kuzobangela nokuthi i-drill bit ifake esikhwameni; lapho kubhobozwa ngezindlela ezithambile, i-drill izolethwa ngokungalingani.

Ukuphathwa kwesikhwama sodaka lwe-PDC bit 

1. Isimiso sokuqala sokubhekana nezingcezu zokubhoboza yilesi: ungasheshi ukubhoboza, ngoba uma upakishwe kakhulu kungcono;

2. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuvinjelwa noma kwelashwani ukubhoboza udaka, akunakugwenywa ukulungisa ukusebenza kodaka. Uma kukhona uphawu lwamabhola odaka ku-drill bit, ukubhoboza kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha bese kufakwa into yokuhlanza emgodini ukuze kuhlanzwe i-drill bit okokuqala;

3. Misa ukubhoboza, khulisa ukufuduka ukuze uthuthukise umphumela wokufutha kwe-hydraulic, phakamisa i-drill bit phezulu ukuze ushiye phansi komthombo, khulisa isivinini sokujikeleza futhi wandise amandla e-centrifugal ukuze wenze ibhlogo lodaka libe lula ukulilahla, bese ukhuphuka futhi wehla izikhathi eziningi, bese ucindezela phansi kuze kube phansi komthombo ngaphandle kokujika i-turntable Cycle imizuzu emi-5-10, bese uphinda inqubo engenhla; uma ingasebenzi ngaphakathi kwemijikelezo emi-2, kufanele ucabangele ukukhipha i-drill.

Isixazululo yilesi: lawula ukungezwa kobumba olumhlophe oluhlakazekile kahle kanye ne-asphalt ye-juniper lapho uguqula futhi ulungisa udaka, qala imishini yokulawula eqinile ngesikhathi ukuze ususe izinhlayiya ezincane eziyingozi odakeni ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, bese ushintsha i-PDC bit phakathi nokubhoboza. Ukujikeleza komoya ohambayo kususa udaka olunamathele ku-drill bit ngenkathi ubhoboza ngesikhathi. Ngemva kokufinyelela phansi, qala ngokubhoboza ukunyakaza okukhulu imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokubhoboza. Ukubamba lezi zixhumanisi ezibalulekile kungavimbela ngempumelelo i-PDC bit ukuthi ingangeni emasakeni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ochwepheshe kumele baqonde kahle ukuthi ingcindezi yepompo ye-standpipe yakhiwe ingcindezi yokujikeleza kwegazi kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi kwe-nozzle. Uma nje ukwehla kwengcindezi kwe-nozzle kungu-zero, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufakwa imigodi yamanzi emingaki, ingcindezi emile ngeke ithintwe. Ngakho-ke, ngokukhulula iso, hhayi nje ingcindezi eqondile ayikwazi ukushintshwa, kodwa futhi ne-PDC drill bit ivame ukubangelwa kalula ukuthi ibhoboze.

2. Hlola futhi uqonde imithetho yokulawula yendlela yokuqondisa umthombo kubhulokhi ngayinye ngokushesha okukhulu, yenza ngcono isakhiwo samathuluzi okubhoboza, futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwe-PDC okubangelwa ukulungisa i-azimuth kanye nokuphambuka komthombo phakathi nendawo. Uma kudingeka ukusebenzisa ukubhoboza okuhlanganisiwe engxenyeni engezansi yomthombo lapho ukubhoboza kungafanele khona, Ukusebenzisa ama-PDC bits aphezulu anokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle kungathuthukisa umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwama-PDC bits futhi kwandise isivinini sokubhoboza.