Amavalvu Entambo Yokubhoboza e-API 7-1 Isithombe Esifakiwe

Amavalvu Omtya Wokubhoboza we-API 7-1

Incazelo emfushane:

Amavalvu entambo yokubhoboza avimba uketshezi ukuthi lungagelezi ngentambo yokubhoboza njalo uma i-drill ikhahlela nge-bit off bottom. I-LANDRILL ingahlinzeka nge-valve yokuphepha yokuvula okugcwele (FOSV), i-Kelly valve, i-Inside Blowout preventer (IBOP), i-Drop-in check valve, i-Float valve.

Sithumelele i-imeyili

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Amathegi Omkhiqizo

I-Valve Yokuphepha Evulekile Egcwele (i-FOSV)

I-Full Opening Safety Valve (isifinyezo se-FOSV) iyi-valve yokuphepha yohlobo lwebhola esetshenziselwa ukuvimba ukugeleza kwentambo yokubhoboza lapho intambo yokubhoboza ikhishwa emthonjeni.

I-FOSV iyivalvu yokuphepha evula umzimba wonke kabili, ngakho ayiphazamisi ukusebenza kwamathuluzi anjengemigqomo eyinhloko noma amathuluzi okuhlola. Yenzelwe ukugwazwa engxenyeni ephezulu yepayipi lokubhoboza noma intambo yepayipi phansi kwerig bese ivalwa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka umthombo ukhahlela.

Uma u-oda sicela ucacise:
Ukuxhumana.
I-OD kanye ne-ID
Ingcindezi Yokusebenza: 5,000 / 10,000 / 15,000 PSI;

I-valve kaKelly

I-Kelly valve ibizwa nangokuthi i-Kelly cock noma i-Grey valve. Iyi-valve yokulawula ngesandla ohlelweni lokujikeleza lwezintambo zokubhoboza futhi ingenye yamathuluzi asebenzayo okuvimbela ukuqhuma. I-Kelly valve ihlukaniswe yi-Upper Kelly Valve kanye ne-Lower Kelly Valve. I-Upper Kelly Valve ixhunywe ne-swivel sub kanye ne-Kelly. I-Lower Kelly valve ixhunywe ne-end engezansi ye-Kelly kanye ne-top yepayipi lokubhoboza noma end engezansi ye-Kelly save sub. Ijikeleza i-wrench ye-valve yokuphepha egcwele ngo-90° ukuze ivuleke futhi ivale. Ekubhobozeni, ukuze kugwenywe izingozi ezinobungozi, ama-Kelly valve kufanele axhunywe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-Kelly ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwe-drilling flid kanye ne-blowout. I-Kelly cock valve, okuyi-ball valve eqhutshwa ngesandla egijima ku-ID yentambo yokubhoboza, ingenye yethuluzi elisebenzayo lokuvimbela ukuqhuma.

I-kelly cock ihlukaniswe nge-valve ye-kelly cock ephezulu kanye ne-kelly cock ephansi.
I-kelly cock engenhla ixhunywe nengxenye engezansi ye-swivel kanye nengxenye engenhla ye-kelly. I-kelly cock engezansi ixhunywe nengxenye engenhla yepayipi lokubhoboza kanye nengxenye engezansi ye-kelly noma ixhunywe phakathi kwengxenye engezansi ye-kelly saver subs.
I-kelly cock inokusebenza okulula, i-kelly cock ingavulwa noma ivalwe ngokushintsha i-operation spanner ekhethekile kuma-degree angu-90 ngokwesiqondiso esibonisiwe. Ngesikhathi sokubhoboza i-kelly cock kufanele ixhunywe engxenyeni engenhla nangezansi ye-kelly.

Uma u-oda sicela ucacise:
Uhlobo oluPhezulu noma oluPhansi;
Ithuluzi OD;
Ingcindezi Yokusebenza: 5,000 / 10,000 / 15,000 PSI;
Ukuxhumeka kwethuluzi.

Ngaphakathi kwe-BOP

Isivikelo sokuqhuma ngaphakathi (i-Inside BOP) siyithuluzi elikhethekile, elingadwetshwa ngemigqa nge-BOP ukuze lixhunywe ngamathuluzi okubhoboza engeziwe ngokushesha okukhulu, lapho ukuqhuma kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphakamisa amathuluzi okubhoboza, isivikelo sokuqhuma ngaphakathi sinezinzuzo eziningi ezifana nokucindezela okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuvalwe ngokuqinile, okulula ukusebenza, ukushintsha ngokushesha njalo njalo.

Uma u-oda sicela ucacise:
Ithuluzi OD;
Ingcindezi Yokusebenza: 5,000 / 10,000 / 15,000 PSI;
Ukuxhumeka kwethuluzi.

Ngesikhathi ithuluzi lokubhoboza liphuma emgodini, ukubhoboza kwenzeka ngenxa yomphumela wokumunca. Lapho uketshezi, uwoyela, umusi noma amanzi ephuma epayipini lokubhoboza elikhishwe, isivikelo sokubhoboza sangaphakathi kufanele sixhunywe ngokushesha epayipini lokubhoboza. Isivikelo sokubhoboza sangaphakathi singaxhunywa kalula epayipini lokubhoboza ngenxa yokuthi ivalvu yesivikelo sokubhoboza isendaweni evulekile futhi uketshezi olusemgodini ophansi lungaphuma epayipini elingaphakathi lesivikelo sokubhoboza lisendaweni evulekile futhi uketshezi olusemgodini ophansi lungaphuma epayipini elingaphakathi lesivikelo sokubhoboza. Induku yokusiza ingavala ivalvu ngokukrufulula ibholithi elikhiyayo, njengamanje, isivikelo sokubhoboza sangaphakathi sivumela uketshezi ukuthi lupompelwe emgodini kusukela phezulu kuya phansi, kodwa uketshezi olusemgodini alukwazi ukugeleza lungene entanjeni yokubhoboza futhi ekugcineni luphume epayipini elingaphakathi lesivikelo sokubhoboza. Inhloso yeveni yokuvimbela ukubhoboza ingafinyelelwa ngalezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo, Khipha i-sub yokusiza ilawule uketshezi bese uqala ukujikeleza kwephampu.

I-valve yokuhlola yokungena

Ama-Drop-In Check Valve avimbela ukugeleza kokubuya ngesikhathi sokukhahlela futhi afaneleka ezimweni eziningi zokubhoboza lapho ukugeleza kokubuya ngentambo yokubhoboza kuyingozi futhi ukusebenza okuvamile kudinga izinzuzo ze-full-bore sub. Ngokuvimbela ukugeleza okuphezulu ngepayipi lokubhoboza, kodwa kuvunyelwe uketshezi ukuthi lupompelwe phansi ukuze lujikeleze umthombo, ama-valve anikeza umshini wokubhoboza izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka kwepayipi lokubhoboza lapho kudingeka, okuthuthukisa kakhulu futhi kube lula ukulawula umthombo.

Uma kuzoqhuma, ukuxhumeka kwentambo ye-kelly kuyakhishwa ngokushesha bese kufakwa i-valve yokuhlola epayipini lokubhoboza bese iphonswa phansi iye endaweni edingekayo. Ngakho-ke ukuqhuma kungavinjelwa.

Uma u-oda sicela ucacise
Imbobo encane kakhulu yentambo yokubhoboza okumele i-valve yokuhlola idlule kuyo.
Usayizi woxhumano lwe-Landing sub kanye nohlobo.
Ububanzi bangaphandle bamajoyinti amathuluzi okuhlangana.

I-valve yokuntanta

I-valve entantayo ivimbela uketshezi lokubhoboza, izingcezu kanye nemfucumfucu yensimbi ukuthi ingagelezi emuva ngentambo yokubhoboza. Uma ifakwe kahle entanjeni yokubhoboza lawa mavalvu anikeza ukuvimbela okwengeziwe kokubhoboza.

I-valve entantayo ingasetshenziswa noma kuphi kusukela phezulu kuya phansi kwe-drillstring. Indawo yayo evame kakhulu ikwi-BHA (i-bottom hole assembly) ehlanganisa i-bit, futhi ingafaka i-bit sub, i-near bit stabilizer, ezinye iziqinisi, i-float sub, i-cross-over sub, i-mud motor (top sub), i-drill collar, kanye ne-drillpipe. Ama-valve amaningi antantayo angasetshenziswa ngentambo eyodwa, yize ukuhlanganisa kabili kunganconywa ngenxa yomonakalo ongaba khona kwi-float valve ezimweni zokucindezela okuphezulu. Esikhundleni salokho, hlukanisa ama-valve ngamajoyinti amathuluzi ahlukene.

Ama-valve e-Drill Pipe (DP) athambile ayatholakala ngesevisi ejwayelekile, isevisi ye-H2S – 300°F (HNBR/HSN) kanye nesevisi ye-H2S – 400°F (Viton.)

Imodeli F, FA:1R, 1F2R, 2F3R, 3F, 3½ IF, 4R, 4F, 5R, 5F6R, kanye no-6F
Imodeli G,GA, GC:1F2R, 2F3R, 3F, 3½ IF, 4R, 4F, 5R kanye ne-5F6R

Uma u-oda sicela ucacise:
Uhlobo lwevalvu yokuntanta (Imodeli F noma Imodeli G);
Usayizi wevalvu yokuntanta;
Uxhumano kanye ne-OD ye-sub.